Diagnostic and prognostic indicators of omasal impaction in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

Toor, A.; Saini, Neetu

doi:10.1136/vr.162.9.275

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, it is hard to draw firm conclusions regarding seasonality because of the low number of cases. The most common initial owner complaints (decreased or absent fecal output, anorexia, and pain) and clinical signs were consistent with abdominal disease and similar to those reported previously (5,8).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…It seems that this fine straw and soil became entrapped between the omasal leaves, leading to omasal impaction. Earlier studies (5,8) have also implicated finely cut machine-made wheat straw as a possible cause of omasal impaction in bovines. However, it is hard to draw firm conclusions regarding seasonality because of the low number of cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The clinical differentiation of omasal impaction from other gastrointestinal problems is difficult and often exploratory rumenotomy is required for confirmation of the diagnosis (9). The clinical signs of omasal impaction observed by earlier researchers (4,5,8,10,11) include anorexia, moderate to severe dehydration, dullness, abdominal distention, ruminal hypomotility or atony, no palpable abnormalities of intestine, and an empty rectum with cessation of defecation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The omasum also acts to reduce the size of feed particles (3). In tropical countries omasal impaction is prevalent in cows (4) and buffaloes (5). The omasum is secondarily involved in forestomach disorders after primary involvement of other compartments of the forestomach (6,7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The omasum is secondarily involved in forestomach disorders after primary involvement of other compartments of the forestomach (6,7). Feeding of rough fibrous feed during fodder scarcity periods and feeding of machine-made wheat straw have been reported as the causes of omasal impaction (5,8). The clinical differentiation of omasal impaction from other gastrointestinal problems is difficult and often exploratory rumenotomy is required for confirmation of the diagnosis (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical characteristics, haematology and biochemical analytes of primary omasal impaction in bovines

HUSSAIN¹

2013

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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This study was conducted on 11 animals (7 buffaloes and 4 cows) diagnosed with primary omasal impaction. In all the cases, laparorumenotomy was performed and omasal impaction was confirmed based on the consistency of the omasal contents along with an empty abomasum. Signalment, history, clinical signs, clinic-pathologic findings, and treatment were determined. Clinical examination was found to be helpful in subjective assessment of omasal impaction but could not aid in definitive diagnosis. Pain on palpation of the omasal area along with rectal findings could be a diagnostic feature. Neutrophilic leukocytosis was observed in a majority of animals. Total bilirubin, glucose, lactate, BUN, and fibrinogen, as well as activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase were significantly high in the primary omasal impaction group compared to the control group. Albumin, fibrinogen ratio, calcium, and chloride were significantly low in the primary omasal impaction group. The negative prognostic signs were neutrophilic leukocytosis with marked left shift and toxic changes in neutrophils, chloride levels below 70 mmol/L, potassium below 2 mmol/L, lactate above 9 mmol/L, and highly distended omasum on rumenotomy. Primary omasal impaction should be included in the differential diagnosis of diseases associated with cessation of defecation and abdominal pain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical characteristics, haematology and biochemical analytes of primary omasal impaction in bovines

HUSSAIN¹

2013

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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Ultrasonographic Evaluation of the Omasum in Cows and Buffaloes

Mohindroo

Kumar

Sangwan

et al. 2008

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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The study was conducted to establish the ultrasonographic features of the healthy and impacted omasum in cows and buffaloes. Scanning was done using a 3.5 MHz microconvex transducer. In healthy buffaloes, the omasum could be scanned at the eighth to ninth intercostal space as a round or oval structure having thick echogenic wall with echogenic leaves. Gradual slow movements of omasal leaves could also be seen in real-time B-mode. The omasum appeared to be very clear, large, and close to the transducer at the start of the omasal contraction, and as the contraction progressed the omasum retracted away from the transducer and became very small. In healthy cows the omasum was seen as a crescent-shaped structure with an echogenic wall. The contents of the omasum or omasal leaves could not be visualized. Omasal contractility was not as prominent as in buffaloes. In buffaloes, the impacted omasum appeared amotile, the omasal leaves were not visible, and the omasum as a whole gave a prominent distal acoustic shadow. In cows, the impaction could be diagnosed based on amotile omasum covering a large area on the right side. Ultrasonography was found to be helpful in subjective assessment of omasal impaction but could not aid in diagnosing the severity of impaction.

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Clinical and Ultrasonographic examinations in cattle with empty rectum

Saravanan

Ranjithkumar

Yogeshpriya

et al. 2019

IJAR

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Ultrasonography helps in early diagnosis of large animal digestive disorders especially in cattle with empty rectum and also to initiate early therapeutic and surgical management. The study was undertaken to elicit GI disturbances in cattle at TVCC, VCRI, Orathanadu during 2015-16. Animals with history of absence of feces and or empty rectum were selected for this study. In total twenty nine cattle were found to be affected with various GI disorders. The incidence of GI disturbances was more (65.52 %) in cross bred Jersey cow. The common clinical signs were absence of feces (65.52 %), anorexia (58.62 %), scant/tarry/mucous coated foul smelling feces (34.48 %), arched back (24.14 %) and abdominal distention (24.14 %). All selected 29 animals were subjected to abdominal ultrasonography which revealed peritonitis (31.03 %), paralytic ileus with peritonitis and pericarditis in each 10.34 %, uroabdomen, intussusceptions, caecal dilatation, abomasal dilatation and peritonitis with intussusceptions in each 6.90 % and diaphragmatic hernia, reticular abscess, omasal impaction and peritonitis with pericarditis in each 3.45 %. Based on this study, clinical and ultrasonographic examinations were found to be a useful tool for the diagnosis of GI disorders of cattle with empty rectum.

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Diagnostic and prognostic indicators of omasal impaction in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Clinical characteristics, haematology and biochemical analytes of primary omasal impaction in bovines

Clinical characteristics, haematology and biochemical analytes of primary omasal impaction in bovines

Ultrasonographic Evaluation of the Omasum in Cows and Buffaloes

Clinical and Ultrasonographic examinations in cattle with empty rectum

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