Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound and MRI for Achilles tendon xanthoma in people with familial hypercholesterolemia: A systematic review

Scott, Alexander; Zahradnik, Thomas Michael; Squier, Kipling; Beck, Charlotte; Brunham, Liam R.

doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2018.10.013

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…X-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are modalities that have been used to measure the Achilles tendon thickness and identify TXs in heFH patients [13]. Of these modalities, ultrasound is preferred because it is low-cost, non-radiating and easily applicable.…”

Section: Tendinous or Tendon Xanthomas (Txs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of physical signs in identifying patients with familial hypercholesterolemia in the era of genetic testing

Rallidis

Iordanidis

Iliodromitis

2020

Journal of Cardiology

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Section: Tendinous or Tendon Xanthomas (Txs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of physical signs in identifying patients with familial hypercholesterolemia in the era of genetic testing

Rallidis

Iordanidis

Iliodromitis

2020

Journal of Cardiology

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“…In patients with soft tissue injury or a mass lesion, the rate of diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography is similar to that of MRI. 26,31 Nevertheless, the utility of ultrasonography has been limited to disease diagnosis thus far. Few studies have illustrated the use of ultrasonographic guidance for assistance with surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonography-Guided Minimally Invasive Surgery for Achilles Sleeve Avulsions

Liu

Yang

et al. 2021

Foot Ankle Int.

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Background: Achilles sleeve avulsion, a relatively rare disorder, is characterized by sleeve-shaped injury extending from the calcaneus, located near the tendon insertion site. Unlike midsubstance tears of the Achilles tendon, end-to-end repair is difficult because less soft tissue is preserved distally. Open repair with transosseous sutures or suture anchors is currently favored. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility and functional outcomes of ultrasonography-guided Achilles sleeve avulsion repair. Methods: From November 2009 to April 2018, 21 patients with Achilles sleeve avulsions (mean age, 57.8 years; range, 25-82 years) who underwent repair by the same surgeon were retrospectively reviewed. The repair was achieved through a stab wound under ultrasonographic guidance. Two parallel Bunnell-type sutures were crossed over the proximal stump and tied with sutures from suture anchors fixed in the calcaneal tuberosity. Results: The mean operative time was 44 minutes, and the mean wound size was 1.5 cm. The patients were allowed to walk freely on postoperative week 6 with using high-ankle shoes. At postoperative 2 years’ follow-up, the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society score significantly improved from 70.9 to 97.1 ( P < .05); similarly, their 12-item Short Form Health Survey scores improved significantly ( P < .05). Only 2 patients had superficial wound infections, which resolved with wound care and oral antibiotics. Conclusions: Our ultrasonography-guided surgical technique for Achilles sleeve avulsions provided excellent soft tissue visualization and availability as well as minimized the wound length to achieve good postsurgical outcomes. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.

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“…The utility of other imaging modalities, including US and MRI, for the assessment of ATX has been recently reported ( 14 - 16 ). The Achilles tendon thickness assessed by US has a good relationship with the thickness assessed by X-radiograph and it can predict the development of asymptomatic atherosclerosis in coronary and carotid arteries ( 15 , 17 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Neoangiogenesis in Achilles Tendon Xanthoma with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A Novel Approach to Achilles Tendon Xanthoma

et al. 2021

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Achilles tendon xanthoma (ATX) is one of the typical features of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). The morphological evaluation of ATX by X-ray radiography is widely recognized; however, the utility of other imaging modalities remains unclear. We herein report two cases of FH in which Doppler ultrasound imaging demonstrated a microvascular flow in ATX that only rarely could be observed in normal Achilles tendons. Neoangiogenesis accompanies chronic inflammation and it may play an important role in the deposition of cholesterol crystals leading to ATX. In addition to the morphological evaluation of ATX, the assessment of neoangiogenesis may therefore be essential for the evaluation of ATX.

show abstract

Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound and MRI for Achilles tendon xanthoma in people with familial hypercholesterolemia: A systematic review

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

The value of physical signs in identifying patients with familial hypercholesterolemia in the era of genetic testing

The value of physical signs in identifying patients with familial hypercholesterolemia in the era of genetic testing

Ultrasonography-Guided Minimally Invasive Surgery for Achilles Sleeve Avulsions

Possible Neoangiogenesis in Achilles Tendon Xanthoma with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A Novel Approach to Achilles Tendon Xanthoma

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