Diagnostic accuracy of breath tests for pneumoconiosis using an electronic nose

Yang, Ya‐Chen; Peng, Hsien Yu; Chang, Che-Jui; Chen, Pau‐Chung

doi:10.1088/1752-7163/aa857d

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A few other studies compared individual ILDs with healthy controls and COPD patients [ 58 – 61 ]. Breathprints of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), ILD associated with connective tissue disease and pneumoconiosis were significantly different from healthy controls [ 59 – 61 ]. In sarcoidosis patients, the breathprint of patients with untreated sarcoidosis differed from healthy controls, implying that eNose technology may be used for initial diagnosis.…”

Section: Current Clinical Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The smell of lung disease: a review of the current status of electronic nose technology

et al. 2021

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There is a need for timely, accurate diagnosis, and personalised management in lung diseases. Exhaled breath reflects inflammatory and metabolic processes in the human body, especially in the lungs. The analysis of exhaled breath using electronic nose (eNose) technology has gained increasing attention in the past years. This technique has great potential to be used in clinical practice as a real-time non-invasive diagnostic tool, and for monitoring disease course and therapeutic effects. To date, multiple eNoses have been developed and evaluated in clinical studies across a wide spectrum of lung diseases, mainly for diagnostic purposes. Heterogeneity in study design, analysis techniques, and differences between eNose devices currently hamper generalization and comparison of study results. Moreover, many pilot studies have been performed, while validation and implementation studies are scarce. These studies are needed before implementation in clinical practice can be realised. This review summarises the technical aspects of available eNose devices and the available evidence for clinical application of eNose technology in different lung diseases. Furthermore, recommendations for future research to pave the way for clinical implementation of eNose technology are provided.

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Section: Current Clinical Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The smell of lung disease: a review of the current status of electronic nose technology

et al. 2021

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“…A standard breath test must control the flow rate and humidity and collect alveolar air that contains the metabolites from the alveolar-capillary membrane and released into the alveolar space [ 52 ]. To improve the efficiency of the electronic nose breath test, we suggest that future research can continue to optimize the breath collection device, which can automatically control the flow rate and humidity and monitor the CO 2 concentration to collect alveolar air containing volatile biomarkers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of the Electronic Nose Breath Tests in Clinical Application: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021

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(1) Background: An electronic nose applies a sensor array to detect volatile biomarkers in exhaled breath to diagnose diseases. The overall diagnostic accuracy remains unknown. The objective of this review was to provide an estimate of the diagnostic accuracy of sensor-based breath tests for the diagnosis of diseases. (2) Methods: We searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for studies published between 1 January 2010 and 14 October 2021. The search was limited to human studies published in the English language. Clinical trials were not included in this review. (3) Results: Of the 2418 records identified, 44 publications were eligible, and 5728 patients were included in the final analyses. The pooled sensitivity was 90.0% (95% CI, 86.3–92.8%, I2 = 47.7%), the specificity was 88.4% (95% CI, 87.1–89.5%, I2 = 81.4%), and the pooled area under the curve was 0.93 (95% CI 0.91–0.95). (4) Conclusion: The findings of our review suggest that a standardized report of diagnostic accuracy and a report of the accuracy in a test set are needed. Sensor array systems of electronic noses have the potential for noninvasiveness at the point-of-care in hospitals. Nevertheless, the procedure for reporting the accuracy of a diagnostic test must be standardized.

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“…Diagnosis of early-stage pneumoconiosis is difficult in clinical practice using conventional methods [221]. Yang et al [206] analyzed the exhaled breath VOCs of 34 subjects with pneumoconiosis and 64 healthy patients using a C320 e-nose. Performance of the e-nose using a prediction model based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA) indicated that C320-discriminations of sample types had high specificity (88.0%), acceptable sensitivity (67.9%), and good accuracy (80.8%) in the training set.…”

Section: Human Disease Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Electronic-Nose Technologies for Noninvasive Early Detection of Plant, Animal and Human Diseases

Wilson

2018

Chemosensors

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The development of electronic-nose (e-nose) technologies for disease diagnostics was initiated in the biomedical field for detection of biotic (microbial) causes of human diseases during the mid-1980s. The use of e-nose devices for disease-diagnostic applications subsequently was extended to plant and animal hosts through the invention of new gas-sensing instrument types and disease-detection methods with sensor arrays developed and adapted for additional host types and chemical classes of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) closely associated with individual diseases. Considerable progress in animal disease detection using e-noses in combination with metabolomics has been accomplished in the field of veterinary medicine with new important discoveries of biomarker metabolites and aroma profiles for major infectious diseases of livestock, wildlife, and fish from both terrestrial and aquaculture pathology research. Progress in the discovery of new e-nose technologies developed for biomedical applications has exploded with new information and methods for diagnostic sampling and disease detection, identification of key chemical disease biomarkers, improvements in sensor designs, algorithms for discriminant analysis, and greater, more widespread testing of efficacy in clinical trials. This review summarizes progressive advancements in utilizing these specialized gas-sensing devices for numerous diagnostic applications involving noninvasive early detections of plant, animal, and human diseases.

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Diagnostic accuracy of breath tests for pneumoconiosis using an electronic nose

Cited by 20 publications

References 39 publications

The smell of lung disease: a review of the current status of electronic nose technology

The smell of lung disease: a review of the current status of electronic nose technology

Accuracy of the Electronic Nose Breath Tests in Clinical Application: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Applications of Electronic-Nose Technologies for Noninvasive Early Detection of Plant, Animal and Human Diseases

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