Diagnostic accuracy of an IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and comparison with 2 polymerase chain reactions for early diagnosis of human leptospirosis

Vanasco, Norma Bibiana; Jacob, Paulina; Landolt, Noelia; Chiani, Yosena; Schmeling, María Fernanda; Cudos, C; Tarabla, Héctor D.; Lottersberger, Javier

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.01.002

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The aim of this investigation was to detect the presence of leptospiral DNA in horse blood samples and to analyse genetic diversity of the Leptospira in the country. Conventional diagnostic tests, such as MAT, are mostly serological and, as such, confirm the disease best at a late acute phase, when antibiotic treatment is already less effective (28). Diagnosis of leptospirosis through culture is not practical in diagnostic laboratories because of the complexity of reagents, several weeks of growth time, and contamination problems in culture media (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterisation of Leptospira strains in Pakistan

Sohail

Khan

Avais

et al. 2016

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Introduction: Leptospirosis affects a wide range of mammals, humans, and even a few poikilothermic animal species. In Pakistan, serological studies of equine leptospirosis have reported a prevalence of over 40%, but no study has ever been conducted towards molecular detection of Leptospira in horses. Material and Methods: Blood samples from 128 horses were screened using ELISA and 41 positive samples were examined for the presence of leptospiral DNA using specific primers for 16S rRNA gene. Results: Out of 41 tested samples, 20 samples were found to be PCR-positive, revealing a fragment of 306 bp after gel electrophoresis. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of positive samples revealed circulation of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in Pakistani horses. No evidence of circulation of intermediate species was found in this study. Conclusion: This study reports the first molecular evidence of equine leptospirosis in Pakistan and lays ground for further research in this area. It also confirms the efficiency of 16S rRNA for the diagnosis of equine leptospirosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterisation of Leptospira strains in Pakistan

Sohail

Khan

Avais

et al. 2016

Journal of Veterinary Research

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“…The studies included were conducted in different countries and were published from 1992 to 2018. Some of the included studies used different methods; thus, the data were reported as separate independent studies [12,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Literature Search and Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic accuracy of genetic markers and nucleic acid techniques for the detection of Leptospira in clinical samples: A meta-analysis

Lam

Low²,

Chee

2020

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundLeptospirosis is often difficult to diagnose because of its nonspecific symptoms. The drawbacks of direct isolation and serological tests have led to the increased development of nucleic acid-based assays, which are more rapid and accurate. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of genetic markers for the detection of Leptospira in clinical samples. Methodology and principle findingsA literature search was performed in Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE and non-indexed citations (via Ovid) by using suitable keyword combinations. Studies evaluating the performance of nucleic acid assays targeting leptospire genes in human or animal clinical samples against a reference test were included. Of the 1645 articles identified, 42 eligible studies involving 7414 samples were included in the analysis. The diagnostic performance of nucleic acid assays targeting the rrs, lipL32, secY and flaB genes was pooled and analyzed. Among the genetic markers analyzed, the secY gene showed the highest diagnostic accuracy measures, with a pooled sensitivity of 0.56 (95% CI: 0.50-0.63), a specificity of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.97-0.98), a diagnostic odds ratio of , and an area under the curve of summary receiver operating characteristics curves of 0.94. Nevertheless, a high degree of heterogeneity was observed in this meta-analysis. Therefore, the present findings here should be interpreted with caution.

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