Diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis by the polymerase chain reaction using blood, bone marrow and lymph node samples from patients from the Sudan

Andresen, Keld; Gasim, S.; Elhassan, Ahmed M.; Khalil, E. A. G.; Barker, Douglas C.; Theander, TG; Kharazmi, Arsalan

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.1997.tb00166.x

Cited by 39 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For diagnosis of VL, bone marrow and lymph node aspirates as well as blood samples have been evaluated. Bone marrow aspirates from parasitologically confirmed VL patients were always PCR positive in several studies (Mathis & Deplazes 1995; Andresen et al . 1997; Osman et al .…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 94%

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Review: Molecular biological applications in the diagnosis and control of leishmaniasis and parasite identification

Schallig

Oskam

2002

Tropical Med Int Health

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SummaryMolecular biology is increasingly relevant to the diagnosis and control of infectious diseases. Information on DNA sequences has been extensively exploited for the development of polymerase chain reaction-based assays for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis and the identification of parasite species. It has also led to the use of cloned antigen for serodiagnosis. It is expected that the sequencing of the Leishmania major genome and the genomes of other Leishmania species will enable important progress in further improving diagnosis and control. The ability to use genome data to clone and sequence genes, which, when expressed, provide antigens for vaccine development, will increase the possibilities for rational vaccine development. Moreover, DNA on its own will provide the basis for the development of DNA vaccines that may overcome some of the problems encountered with protein-based vaccines. One of the greatest threats to parasite control is the development of drug resistance in parasites. Knowing the molecular basis of drug resistance and the ability to monitor its development with sensitive and specific DNA-based assays for 'resistance alleles' may aid maintaining the effectiveness of available antiLeishmania drugs. Finally, techniques such as microarrays and nucleic acid sequence-based amplification will eventually allow rapid screening for specific parasite genotypes and assist in diagnostic and epidemiological studies.

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Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 94%

“…1994). In human lymph node aspirates Leishmania DNA was detected by PCR in all six samples in one study (Andresen et al . 1997) and in 33/38 samples in another (Osman et al .…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Molecular biological applications in the diagnosis and control of leishmaniasis and parasite identification

Schallig

Oskam

2002

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…In our study, PB kDNA-PCR showed a good concordance with the rapid immunochromatographic test (PB-rK39) (0.74, p < 0.001), which is a rapid and highly sensitive technique, so that it has been used as a reference test. Disch et al [9] and Andresen et al [19] obtained sensitivities of 91% (48/53) and 92.5% (37/40) when kDNA-PCR was used to test whole blood from PB samples of patients with VL, confirmed by clinical and microscopic examination of BM or lymph node samples. Fraga et al [20] evaluated the effectiveness of a kDNA-PCR in PB and found a very good sensitivity (43/45; 95.6%), which was higher than that found in BM samples: kDNA (41/45; 91.1%); microscopic examination of smear (36/45; 80%); and culture (12/45; 26.7%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could kDNA-PCR in Peripheral Blood Replace the Examination of Bone Marrow for the Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis?

Godoy

Andrino

Souza

et al. 2016

Journal of Parasitology Research

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The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the molecular (kDNA-PCR) and parasitological diagnosis in peripheral blood (PB) could replace the invasive and painful bone marrow collection (BM) in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). PB from suspected VL patients was evaluated by parasitological and molecular techniques using as the gold standard (GS) a combination of clinical, epidemiological, and immunochromatographic test (PB-rK39) results and parasitological examination of BM. Based on the GS, 38 samples from 32 patients were grouped: Group 1, 20 samples of VL cases, and Group 2, 18 samples of non-VL cases. In order to evaluate the parasitological and molecular techniques in PB, the samples were examined. From Group 1, PB kDNA-PCR was positive in 20 samples and in 19 of 20 in BM kDNA-PCR examination. However, the parasitological examination of buffy coat was insensitive, being able to detect only 4 cases from Group 1. All samples from Group 2 were negative. We concluded that, for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis, the parasitological examination of peripheral blood was not useful; however, molecular diagnosis by kDNA-PCR, performed in peripheral blood, could be useful to replace the parasitological examination of bone marrow.

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“…The technique was tested with VL samples of different clinical materials (peripheral blood, aspirates from lymph nodes and bone marrow); with samples taken at different stages of the disease from the endemic area in eastern Sudan ( Osman et al . 1997a , b, 1998b) and in a hospital‐based study ( Andresen et al . 1997 ).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmaniasis in the Sudan: a literature review with emphasis on clinical aspects

Osman

Kager

Oskam

2000

Tropical Med Int Health

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SummaryThe literature on the leishmaniases in the Sudan is reviewed with an emphasis on clinical aspects and on literature related to the recent outbreaks in the south and east of the country.The numbers of cases of subclinical infection and post-kala azar dermal leishmaniasis in the recent outbreaks are remarkable. New diagnostic techniques have been introduced and evaluated, notably the direct agglutination test and polymerase chain reaction technology.The latter gives very promising results and further research into application of the technique is warranted.Treatment with pentavalent antimony is still satisfactory.The reservoir host has not been identified definitely.

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Diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis by the polymerase chain reaction using blood, bone marrow and lymph node samples from patients from the Sudan

Cited by 39 publications

References 12 publications

Review: Molecular biological applications in the diagnosis and control of leishmaniasis and parasite identification

Review: Molecular biological applications in the diagnosis and control of leishmaniasis and parasite identification

Could kDNA-PCR in Peripheral Blood Replace the Examination of Bone Marrow for the Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis?

Leishmaniasis in the Sudan: a literature review with emphasis on clinical aspects

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