Diagnosis of supraharmonics-related problems based on the effects on electrical equipment

Espín-Delgado, Ángela; Rönnberg, Sarah; Letha, Shimi Sudha; Bollen, Math

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2021.107179

Cited by 37 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These tables include the proposed system frequency and amplitude measurements in columns one and three, respectively; the oscilloscope's frequency and amplitude measurements in columns two and four, respectively; and the frequency error and amplitude error between the oscilloscope's measurement and the proposed system's measurement in columns five and six, respectively. The amplitude errors between the two kinds of measurement (FPGA system and oscilloscope) were calculated through Equation (9).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resultant currents can cause electrolytic capacitors to lose a large amount of charge and shorten their lifespan. Supraharmonics have also been linked to electrical equipment faults and unpredictable behavior, noise caused by mechanical resonance excitation, the tripping of residual current devices and LED lighting flickering [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a Supraharmonic Monitoring System Based on an FPGA Device

Barkas

Ioannidis

Kaminaris

et al. 2022

Sensors

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During the last few decades, the poor quality of produced electric power is a key factor that has affected the operation of critical electrical infrastructure such as high-voltage equipment. This type of equipment exhibits multiple different failures, which originate from the poor electric power quality. This phenomenon is basically due to the utilization of high-frequency switching devices that operate over modern electrical generation systems, such as PV inverters. The conduction of significant values of electric currents at high frequencies in the range of 2 to 150 kHz can be destructive for electrical and electronic equipment and should be measured. However, the measuring devices that have the ability of analyzing a signal in the frequency domain present the ability of analyzing up to 2.5 kHz–3 kHz, which are frequencies too low in comparison to the high switching frequencies that inverters, for example, work. Electric currents at 16 kHz were successfully measured on an 8 kWp roof PV generator. This paper presents a fast-developed modern measuring system, using a field programmable gate array, aiming to detect electric currents at high frequencies, with a capability for working up to 150 kHz. The system was tested in the laboratory, and the results are satisfactory.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Supraharmonic Monitoring System Based on an FPGA Device

Barkas

Ioannidis

Kaminaris

et al. 2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is important to assess the nature of the phenomenon when developing subsequent updates to the standards with which to comply. Once the new regulations are published, the solution can only be applied to equipment still in the design phase, such as the implementation of electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters and power electronics systems that, by controlling their mode of operation, can modify the spectral characteristics of high-frequency emissions [51]. The simplest method of SH mitigation is to use active filters which are necessary to compensate for wave distortion connected to the POC at the consumer side, as shown in Figure 13 [52].…”

Section: B Mitigation By Active Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supraharmonics in Power Grid: Identification, Standards, and Measurement Techniques

et al. 2021

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In the electric power distribution system, power electronics technologies associated with renewable energy systems (RES) and smart grids have gained growing interest. The power electronics devices are used to convert, control, or transfer electric power from RES to the power grids. However, the continuous increase in switching frequencies resulting from these power electronics technologies has led to the emergence of new emissions in the range of 2-150 kHz, outside the classical frequency range for power quality. These emissions are known worldwide as supraharmonics (SH).These emissions negatively affect the power quality of electrical distribution systems and reduce their efficiency and lifetime. Thus, the supraharmonics emissions have been investigated in the literature, and several methods were developed focusing on identifying, measuring, and setting new standards to mitigate the impact of these emissions on the power quality. Although these individual studies have been well documented, a comparative overview of its identifications, current standards, and measurement techniques had not been described so far. Therefore, this study extensively reviews the related techniques and standards for identifying, measuring, and mitigating SH emissions. Moreover, the current research gap in this important field is highlighted, and an illustration on how this problem was tackled in the past few years is presented. Additionally, the SH characteristics alongside with insights into the mitigations and measurements are highlighted and analyzed accordingly. Finally, some important recommendations to mitigate SH emissions are suggested. This review will hopefully strengthen the efforts toward the development of SH domain by providing the necessary groundwork for further mitigations, standards, and measuring techniques improvement. INDEX TERMS Grid integration; harmonics emissions; high frequency; power quality; renewable energy sources; supraharmonics.

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“…The magnitude of the supraharmonics flowing towards the grid depends on the relationship between the grid impedance and the impedance of the devices connected inside the installation [5]. The interference reported due to supraharmonics have been summarized in [6], [7]. The interferences studied include, audible noise, cable termination failure, RCD tripping and communication failure between devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation of Supraharmonics in a Data Center With Different Operating Modes of UPS

Sutaria

Rönnberg

2023

IEEE Access

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A data center is a major hub of different converters ensuring continuous power to the server loads. The pulse width modulation switching techniques with frequency emission from 2 to 150 kHz (i.e., supraharmonics) in these converters call for a study of the magnitude and propagation of this emission within data centers where UPS is one of the main contributors of supraharmonics. The paper shows, with measurements and model, the change in magnitude and propagation of supraharmonics with the change in the operating mode of the UPS. The magnitude of supraharmonics shows a non-linear dependency on the power consumed in the online mode. In bypass mode, the magnitude of supraharmonics shows a dependency on the type of load connected. The filter connected between PE-N at the input side of the UPS can cause resonance in the phase conductors. The results show that to study the emission, immunity, and electromagnetic compatibility of supraharmonics for UPS, the factors such as operating mode, the type of load connected, and the input and output impedance need to be considered.

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Diagnosis of supraharmonics-related problems based on the effects on electrical equipment

Cited by 37 publications

References 16 publications

Design of a Supraharmonic Monitoring System Based on an FPGA Device

Design of a Supraharmonic Monitoring System Based on an FPGA Device

Supraharmonics in Power Grid: Identification, Standards, and Measurement Techniques

Propagation of Supraharmonics in a Data Center With Different Operating Modes of UPS

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