Diagnosis of infantile myofibromatosis with pseudo-ulcerated plaque using prenatal ultrasound: A case report

Abstract

The present case report describes a case of infantile myofibromatosis (IM) with a pseudo-ulcerated plaque on the right side of the back of a fetus, detected in the 38th week of gestation using prenatal ultrasound. The fetus was examined weekly by ultrasound to measure the size of the mass. At birth, the scarlet mass was slightly elevated compared with the skin around it, with a cavity in the center. It appeared similar to an ulcerated plaque, but the surface of the mass was intact and smooth with a stratum lucidum. Thus, the mass was indicated to be a pseudo-ulcerated plaque. Three months later, the mass had grown larger and so was removed by surgery. The pathology of the mass was confirmed as IM. It is suggested that IM should be considered when a soft tissue tumor is presented by prenatal ultrasound.

Honeycomb appearance of fetal myofibromatosis

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Infantile myofibromatosis (IM) is a benign neoplasm of infancy, with an incidence of 1:150 000, that presents in 90% of cases before 2 years of age and is rarely encountered in newborns. The mortality rate is 15%, and death is usually attributable to generalized visceral multicentric disease [1][2][3][4] . Prenatal diagnosis of IM gives the option of termination of pregnancy to parents in communities that accept such a choice.We present the case of a fetus with abnormal sonographic findings leading to postnatal diagnosis of congenital IM.

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Prenatally Diagnosed Infantile Myofibroma of Sartorius Muscle—A Differential for Soft Tissue Masses in Early Infancy

“…The prenatal imaging findings are not pathognomonic, but MRI is superior in differentiating fibrosarcoma. Generally, IM was reported in the literature as having prenatal diagnosis with visceral involvement, in which case, if the lesions were multiple and involved important viscera, pregnancy termination could be an option [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Our case was recognized as a soft tissue tumor relatively early in the pregnancy and well described as a unique tumor, with a less frequent localization of IM.…”

“… No recurrence or symptoms 1 year after surgery. Zhang, 2014 [ 17 ] 38 M Right side paraspinal, a pseudoulcerate plaque (2.4 × 2.2 × 1.2) US: mass on the fetal right back (T3-8), hypoechoic with sporadic hyperecho. Color Doppler flow: intermittent blood flow inside and around the mass.…”