Diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontic patients with 3-dimensional dentofacial records

Accuracy and reliability of digital craniofacial measurements using a small‐format, handheld 3D camera

“…Craniofacial assessments and diagnoses involve various diagnostic tools such as clinical photographs and study models to assess the positions and relations of various landmarks of head, jaws and teeth . Multiple medical and dental specialties including orthodontics, plastic surgery, and oral and maxillofacial surgery often depend on comprehensive facial evaluations by measuring facial structures relative to landmarks in the cranial base . 3D photogrammetry could be a potentially valuable tool in these specially, as it allows for analysis of frontal views, while it can be also rotated, translated and zoomed, providing realistic analyses as well as potential outcomes of the treatment.…”

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks Based Analysis of Cephalometric Radiographs for Differential Diagnosis of Orthognathic Surgery Indications

“…According to the Grad-CAM analysis, the most influential regions for the DCNNs' class classification were the maxillary and mandibular teeth, mandible, and mandibular symphysis. This study suggests that DCNNs-based analysis of cephalometric radiograph images can be successfully applied for differential diagnosis of the indications of orthognathic surgery.Several clinical data are selected for this differential diagnosis [5], of which cephalometric radiographs are the most important radiological data used to determine the antero-posterior skeletal problems of patients [6,7]. For most surgical evaluations, determining whether a patient has a prominent jaw or retrusive jaw is most critical, and cephalometric radiographs are used to determine whether the difference between the maxilla and mandible can be overcome by orthodontic treatment alone or whether surgery is necessary.There are approximately 50 landmarks used in cephalometric radiographs, and various measurements such as line length and angle using these landmarks are used for analysis [8,9].…”

“…Several clinical data are selected for this differential diagnosis [5], of which cephalometric radiographs are the most important radiological data used to determine the antero-posterior skeletal problems of patients [6,7]. For most surgical evaluations, determining whether a patient has a prominent jaw or retrusive jaw is most critical, and cephalometric radiographs are used to determine whether the difference between the maxilla and mandible can be overcome by orthodontic treatment alone or whether surgery is necessary.…”

The relationship between 3D dentofacial photogrammetry measurements and traditional cephalometric measurements

“…The sample size for the present study was based on previously published work comparing standard records and nonradiographic 3D dentofacial photogrammetry records for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. 26 A sample size of 20 was necessary to detect correlations in regression models at an alpha of 0.05 of power of 80% with all statistical tests being two-sided.…”