The relationship between 3D dentofacial photogrammetry measurements and traditional cephalometric measurements

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the relationship between traditional cephalometric measurements and corresponding nonradiographic three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetry measurements. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 20 orthodontic patients (10 male and 10 female) who received lateral cephalometric radiographs and 3D dentofacial photogrammetric records with each subject serving as his or her own control for a total sample size of 40 images (20 per method). A 3D analysis that resembled a traditional cephalometric analysis was established using the eyes and natural head orientation as substitutes for the cranial base. Pearson correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression plots were calculated to evaluate the relationship between the photogrammetry measurements and the cephalometric measurements. Results: The ANB angle, mandibular plane angle, lower anterior face height, upper incisor angle to SN, upper incisor angle to NA, and all measurements of lower incisor position and inclination had strong positive Pearson correlation coefficients with the corresponding 3D photogrammetry measurements (P < .004). Statistically significant regression plots demonstrated that cephalometric relationships between the jaws and incisor orientation can be predicted from corresponding 3D photogrammetry measurements. Conclusions: 3D photogrammetry measurements relating the jaws to each other and incisor orientation has a strong positive correlation with corresponding traditional cephalometric measurements and can serve as cephalometric predictors. Capturing the eyes using 3D photogrammetry can obviate the need to expose the cranial base and allow limiting the radiographic field to the area of interest.

Discrepancies in Cephalometric Analysis Results between Orthodontists and Radiologists and Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Review

“…Over the past decade, advancements in virtual reality techniques, computer-enhanced technologies, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and many others have significantly improved overall dental treatment. Today, 3D cephalometric measurements, 3D virtual treatment planning for skeletal, facial, jaw/bone, and teeth measurements, along with detailed 3D studies of superficial, skeletal, and skin anatomy, appear to greatly enhance success rates and reduce the occurrence of troublesome complications or limitations in treatment algorithms [62][63][64][65][66]. Despite the advancements and improvements in new techniques, it is always important to consider the potential for human and computer errors.…”

Regression Models of Individual Cephalometric Parameters in Ukrainian Young Men and Young Women With Different Facial Profiles According to Schwarz A.M., Which Can Be Adjusted During Surgery Depending on the Parameters That Usually Do Not Change

“…In addition, after a certain stage of accumulation of factual material, in our opinion, it is extremely important not only to determine the limits of normative values of cranio-and gnatometric indicators of teleroentgenograms but also to model appropriate indicators characteristic of certain groups of the population. This is logical, the numerous publications on the presence of correlations between different cephalometric indicators, both foreign [5,11,15] and domestic researchers [1,4] are given.…”

“…In addition, after a certain stage of accumulation of factual material, in our opinion, it is extremely important not only to determine the limits of normative values of cranio-and gnatometric indicators of teleroentgenograms but also to model appropriate indicators characteristic of certain groups of the population. This is logical, the numerous publications on the presence of correlations between different cephalometric indicators, both foreign [5,11,15] and domestic researchers [1,4] are given.The aim of the work is to build and analyze regression models of tele-teleroentgenographic indicators, which can be adjusted during surgery depending on the parameters that usually do not change in Ukrainian young men and young women with different facial profiles according to Schwarz A. M. with normal occlusion close to orthognathic occlusion and a harmonious face.…”

“3D Counterpart Analysis”: A Novel Method for Enlow’s Counterpart Analysis on CBCT

“…Juerchott et al investigated the reliability of 3D cephalometric landmarks traced on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) records [ 7 ]. Catillo et al demonstrated that jaws relation and incisors orientation could be predicted from 3D photogrammetry measurements [ 8 ].…”