Diagnosis and treatment of HCV heart diseases

Haykal, M.; Matsumori, Akira; Saleh, Ahmed; M, Fayez; Negm, Hany; Shalaby, Mohammad; Bassuony, Samar M

doi:10.1080/14779072.2021.1917383

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In contrast, hepatitis C virus (HCV) usually causes chronic inflammation and cardiomyopathies [28]. HCV infects monocytes and macrophages and causes persistent inflammation; this inflammatory reaction may trigger myocyte necrosis, fibrosis, and myocyte hypertrophy [29]. Recently, SARS-CoV2 has been reported to cause myocarditis and cardiovascular diseases [30,31,32].…”

Section: Viral Myocarditismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Targeting Inflammation in the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases

Matsumori

2022

Global Heart

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Inflammation plays an important role in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Hypertension and hyperlipidemia are the key risk factors of CVDs and induce inflammation in the heart and vessels. Unhealthy diet, infection, and smoking coupled with genetic factors lead to the development of CVDs as well as induce inflammation. Risk factors of CVDs such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia along with diabetes activate nuclear factor kappa B, which regulates the transcription of immunoglobulin free light chain (FLC) κ in B cells and the production of multiple inflammatory molecules, leading to inflammation. FLCs are novel biomarkers of inflammation, and their levels have been associated with overall mortality in a general population and with cardiovascular outcomes. In this review, the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of CVDs, new biomarkers of inflammation, and dietary options counterbalancing inflammatory processes, such as the polyphenol-rich French maritime pine bark extract Pycnogenol, are discussed.

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Section: Viral Myocarditismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HCV infection can induce insulin resistance and cause diabetes [29]. High concentrations of FLC κ have been observed in HCV-positive patients, and an alteration in the κ/λ ratio is positively correlated with an increasing HCV-related lymphoproliferative disorder severity [51].…”

Section: Flcs As New Biomarkers Of Chronic Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Inflammation in the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases

Matsumori

2022

Global Heart

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“…In 2021, Yao et al employed Cu(acac) 2 , a cost-effective, readily available, and stable catalyst, to synthesize 2-substituted indole derivatives (80) via the reaction of indole (78) and halogenated phenyl derivatives (79). The reaction conditions were mild, with high product selectivity and yield, demonstrating significant practical utility (Scheme 29).…”

Section: Indoles Coupled With Phenylboric Acid Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Analysis on the Synthesis Methods of 2-Phenylindole Derivatives with Pharmacological Importance for Green Synthesis

Wu,

Shen,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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2-Phenylindoles, as a special subset of indole compounds, stand out as some of the most promising candidates for drug development. To guide researchers toward developing new 2-phenylindole drugs in a more environmentally friendly and costeffective manner, we have summarized and analyzed synthesis methods for 2-phenylindole over the past two decades. Our key findings are as follows: First, among the two methods discussed in this paper, the one-step method is often suitable for the synthesis of 2-phenylindole derivatives with a small amount of substitutions on both sides, whereas the indole C-2 coupling reaction is preferable for indole or C-2 benzene rings with more complex substitutions. Second, the primary challenge in synthesizing 2phenylindole compounds lies in achieving selectivity at the indole C-2 and C-3 sites. Lastly, to achieve more efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly methods, researchers have developed new catalytic systems, including nontoxic catalysts, metal-free catalysts, recyclable metal catalysts, or nanocrystallized transition metals, as well as new methodologies such as photoinduced reactions, electrocatalytic reactions, magnetocatalytic methods, and aqueous-phase catalytic methods. These avenues may represent future research directions for chemists. In conclusion, there remains ample room for research and development in the green synthesis of 2-phenylindole derivatives.

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“…However, indirect immune-mediated and inflammatory mechanisms are thought to play a critical role in HCV-associated heart diseases. Mononuclear cells have been identified as the primary target cells of HCV in extrahepatic manifestations (monocytes/CD68 + macrophages) [130], and these cells are responsible for modulating the host immune response [62]. Thus, TNF-α has been shown to be one of the major proinflammatory cytokines involved in myocardial inflammation by stimulating nitric oxide expression and calcium homeostasis [131].…”

Section: Hepatitis C Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Myocarditis—From Pathophysiology to Treatment

Schultheiss

Baumeier

Aleshcheva

et al. 2021

JCM

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The diagnosis of acute and chronic myocarditis remains a challenge for clinicians. Characterization of this disease has been hampered by its diverse etiologies and heterogeneous clinical presentations. Most cases of myocarditis are caused by infectious agents. Despite successful research in the last few years, the pathophysiology of viral myocarditis and its sequelae leading to severe heart failure with a poor prognosis is not fully understood and represents a significant public health issue globally. Most likely, at a certain point, besides viral persistence, several etiological types merge into a common pathogenic autoimmune process leading to chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling, ultimately resulting in the clinical phenotype of dilated cardiomyopathy. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms is necessary to assess the prognosis of patients and is fundamental to appropriate specific and personalized therapeutic strategies. To reach this clinical prerequisite, there is the need for advanced diagnostic tools, including an endomyocardial biopsy and guidelines to optimize the management of this disease. The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has currently led to the worst pandemic in a century and has awakened a special sensitivity throughout the world to viral infections. This work aims to summarize the pathophysiology of viral myocarditis, advanced diagnostic methods and the current state of treatment options.

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Diagnosis and treatment of HCV heart diseases

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

Targeting Inflammation in the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases

Targeting Inflammation in the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases

Comprehensive Analysis on the Synthesis Methods of 2-Phenylindole Derivatives with Pharmacological Importance for Green Synthesis

Viral Myocarditis—From Pathophysiology to Treatment

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