Diagnosis and surgical repair of patellar luxations in a flock of sheep

Shettko, Donna L.; Trostle, Steven S.

doi:10.2460/javma.2000.216.564

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The cartilage flap healed without any complication. These findings were in agreement with earlier reports of similar experiments in dogs [8,11,13], cats [3], sheep [10], calves [7,13,15] and also in horses [2,6,7]. It should be noted that a trochlear groove develops in the young animals because of the presence of the patella in it.…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

“…The lateral release incision relieves the lateral tension on the patella exerted by the contracted and thickened lateral retinaculum and joint capsule, thereby allowing it to ride in the trochlea [1,2,[5][6][7]12]. These findings were in agreement with earlier reports in dogs [8,11,13], cats [3], sheep [10], calves [7,13,15] and also in horses [2,6,7]. The muscle atrophy found might be due to malalignment, disuse or excessive stretch which disappeared 4 weeks after the surgical correction.…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

“…In LPL the lateral condyle of the femur is misshapen because its growth plate has been subjected to excess pressure and growth has been altered. The trochanteric ridge is lower and the trochlear groove is shallower [10]. Therefore, the patella does not have a good, deep, secure groove to ride in and easily pulled out.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trochleoplasty in Lateral Patellar Luxation in Two Calves

Kim

Alam

Lee

et al. 2005

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Two Holstein Friesian calves were referred to the Animal Medical Center of Chonbuk National University with severe lameness on the hind limb(s), flexed stifle joint and an inability to walk since birth. Based on the clinical history, clinical findings and radiography of the stifle joint, the cases were diagnosed as grade III lateral patellar luxation (LPL). Trochleoplasty along with medial retinacular reinforcement and lateral release were performed in both calves. The calves recovered 3 to 4 weeks after surgery. Trochleoplasty along with medial retinacular reinforcement and lateral release can be an effective technique for the treatment of LPL in calves.

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supporting

confidence: 93%

supporting

confidence: 89%

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Trochleoplasty in Lateral Patellar Luxation in Two Calves

Kim

Alam

Lee

et al. 2005

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…This serious complication may additionally be provoked by the specific anatomy of the ovine patellofemoral joint (small lateral femoral condyle, patella located outside and proximal to the trochlear groove in extension, proximolateral to distomedial angle of the trochlear groove [17]), together with the high loading forces resulting from an unprotected rise from the lying down position [49]. Besides, the high luxation rate following the classical approach may possibly be ascribed in part to a genetic predisposition for patellar luxation in sheep [50]. Altogether, these factors may favour a unilateral experimental set-up, allowing for at least one pain-free hindleg to facilitate postoperative rising and standing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patellar luxations in sheep are evaluated according to the grading scales developed for small animals such as cats and dogs [50,62]. Diagnosis can be made upon clinical examination; radiographic analysis is not necessary.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A low morbidity surgical approach to the sheep femoral trochlea

Orth

Madry

2013

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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BackgroundThe ovine stifle joint is an important location for investigations on the repair of articular cartilage defects in preclinical large animals. The classical medial parapatellar approach to the femoral trochlea is hazardous because of the high risk of postoperative patellar luxation. Here, we describe a low morbidity surgical exposure of the ovine trochlea without the necessity for intraoperative patellar luxation.MethodsBilateral surgical exposure of the femoral trochlea of the sheep stifle joint was performed using the classical medial parapatellar approach with intraoperative lateral patellar luxation and transection of the medial patellar retinaculum in 28 ovine stifle joints. A low morbidity approach was performed bilaterally in 116 joints through a mini-arthrotomy without the need to transect the medial patellar retinaculum or the oblique medial vastus muscle nor surgical patellar luxation. Postoperatively, all 72 animals were monitored to exclude patellar luxations and deep wound infections.ResultsThe novel approach could be performed easily in all joints and safely exposed the distal two-thirds of the medial and lateral trochlear facet. No postoperative patellar luxations were observed compared to a postoperative patellar luxation rate of 25% experienced with the classical medial parapatellar approach and a re-luxation rate of 80% following revision surgery. No signs of lameness, wound infections, or empyema were observed for both approaches.ConclusionsThe mini-arthrotomy presented here yields good exposure of the distal ovine femoral trochlea with a lower postoperative morbidity than the classical medial parapatellar approach. It is therefore suitable to create articular cartilage defects on the femoral trochlea without the risk of postoperative patellar luxation.

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