Diagnosis and Management of Rumen Acidosis and Bloat in Feedlots

Meyer, Nathan F.; Bryant, Tony C.

doi:10.1016/j.cvfa.2017.06.005

Cited by 32 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Although PSH has poor nutritive value, it can be a good source of fiber in the diet of ruminants. In feedlot situations, dietary fiber is essential to reduce the incidence of metabolic disorders such as acidosis and bloat since it stimulates chewing activity, saliva production, and the increase of pH [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, PSH is less palatable, nutritious, and not easily digested by rumen microbes since it contains large amounts of lignin and silica [3][4][5]. Nevertheless, PSH can be a good source of dietary fiber required by ruminants to reduce the risk of digestive disorders such as acidosis and bloating during intensive fattening [6]. High-quality concentrate (HQC) supplementation is likely to be necessary to improve the quality of a PSH-based diet to meet the targeted nutrient requirements of ruminants, especially in feedlot situations [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of paddy straw and concentrate containing green tea dust on performance and nutrient digestibility in feedlot lambs

Ramdani¹,

Budinuryanto²,

Mayasari³

2020

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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The utilization of low-input paddy straw hay (PSH) for fattening lambs should be incorporated with a high-quality concentrate (HQC) in which green tea dust (GTD) rich in tannins can be added as a natural feed additive. Completely randomized design was used to compare 5 doses of GTD inclusions (dry matter, DM basis) at 0% (GTD-0), 0.5% (GTD-0.5), 1% (GTD-1), 1.5% (GTD-1.5), and 2% (GTD-2) in an HQC as the main diet of PSH-fed fattening lambs on average daily gain (ADG, g/head/day), dry matter intake (DMI, g/head/day), and nutrient digestibility (%) using 6 replicates. The results showed that GTD-1.5 resulted in higher (P < 0.05) ADG for the lambs compared with GTD-0 as a control diet during 69 days of a feeding trial, while GTD-0.5, GTD-1, and GTD-2 provided a nonsignificant increase in ADG for the lambs in comparison with GTD-0. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in nutrient digestibility of the lambs for all GTD treatments, but GTD-1.5 resulted in better nutrient digestibility. Proper GTD inclusion in an HQC and PSHbased diet can therefore increase the performance of fattening lambs without any harmful effects on feed consumption and nutrient digestibility. GTD inclusion in an HQC as the main diet of feedlot lambs is recommended at 1.5%.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of paddy straw and concentrate containing green tea dust on performance and nutrient digestibility in feedlot lambs

Ramdani¹,

Budinuryanto²,

Mayasari³

2020

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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“…In a healthy cow, contractions occur approximately 1 to 3 times per minute, with higher frequency during feeding and lower frequency during rest (Ruckebusch and Thivend, 1980). When a cow has certain diseases, such as ruminal acidosis, tympany, or endotoxemia, its reticulo-ruminal motility can be inhibited or even cease, because of rumen distension or increased ruminal volatile fatty acid levels (Meyer and Bryant, 2017). Reticulo-ruminal motility is a well-established indicator of gastrointestinal health in dairy cows.…”

Section: Hot Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot topic: Automated assessment of reticulo-ruminal motility in dairy cows using 3-dimensional vision

Song

Tol

Koerkamp

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Na análise do líquido ruminal o pH encontrava-se em 4,0 (Figura 2A), de coloração castanha (Figura 2B), consistência aquosa e odor característico do fruto; sendo então diagnosticado acidose ruminal. Realizou-se coleta de sangue para hemograma, e como tratamento inicial empregou-se a administração de fluidoterapia com Ringer com Lactato (Ringer Lactato) 1 , na taxa de administração de 2 mL/kg/h, pela via intravenosa (IV), Ampicilina Sódica (Ampicilina Veterinária ® 2 g) 2 , na dose de 10 mg/kg/IV, Sulfadoxina (Trissulmax ® 200 mg/mL) 3 , na dose de 30 mg/kg/IV, Meloxicam (Maxicam ® 2%) 4 , na dose de 0,5 mg/kg/IV e Hepatoprotetor (Antitóxico ® UCB) 5 , na dose de 1 mL/20 kg, pela via intramuscular (IM). Também foi realizada a administração capim elefante (Pennisetum purpureum) e água, diretamente no rúmen.…”

Section: Casounclassified

“…A alimentação de ruminantes é composta essencialmente por componentes fibrosos, que agem fisiologicamente regulando o pH ruminal e influenciando na dinâmica de crescimento dos microrganismos [5]. A acidose ruminal é caracterizada pela diminuição do pH, resultando em impactos significativos na atividade microbiana e função do rúmen, bem como na produtividade e saúde animal [4,8].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Ruminal Acidosis Caused by Excessive Ingestion of Mango Fruit (Mangifera indica) in Cow

Gomes

Júnior

Pimentel

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Digestive disturbances in ruminants are associated with forage shortages during periods of dry weather. Foods available at this time are generally of poor quality and low digestibility, which makes it necessary to pursue alternative food sources where available. Grain-heavy diets; concentrated rations rich in rapidly fermenting carbohydrates; and whey, tubers and fruits high in starch and glucose, contribute to ruminal acidosis. Here we report a case of ruminal acidosis due to excessive ingestion of the mango fruit (Mangifera indica), "manguita" cultivate, by an adult bovine.Case: In the municipality of Boa Vista, Roraima, during December, a Dutch female bovine adult, weighing approximately 600 kg, was observed showing signs of apathy for two days with diarrhea. The animal had a rumenostomy with flexible cannula in the left paralumbar fossa and was in the final third of gestation. During clinical examination, the animal was in season, and an increase in the volume of the left dorsal region and changes in physiological variables were observed (lightly pale mucosa, capillary filling time of 4 s, heart rate [HR] of 82 beats per min; respiratory rate (f) of 30 moments per min; absence of ruminal movements and rectal temperature [RT] of 39.5°C). Upon removal of the cannula lid, a considerable amount of liquid and a large quantity of mango (Mangifera indica), "manguita" cultivate, were observed. Blood sample and ruminal fluid were collected and ruminal contents weighing approximately 40 kg were evacuated. Physical-chemical analysis of the ruminal liquid (pH = 4.0, brown color, aqueous consistency and characteristic fruit odor) resulted in a diagnosis of ruminal acidosis. Treatment included administration of fluid therapy (Lactate Ringer; 2 mL/kg/h), hepatoprotector (1 mL/20 kg), antimicrobial (Ampicillin Sodium; 10 mg/kg/IV and Sulfadoxine; 30 mg/kg/IV) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (Meloxicam; 0.5 mg/kg/IV) drugs, associated with evacuation of ruminal contents, and administration of grass and transfaunation, for three days. Following treatment, the physiological variables and physical-chemical characteristics of the ruminal liquid returned to normal limits (pH = 6.0, greenish brown coloration, aqueous consistency and aromatic normal ruminal liquid odor). By 30 days of initial care, the animal was active and had given birth, with no abnormal changes in physiological variables and physical-chemical characteristics of the ruminal fluid.Discussion: A decrease in food supplies during the dry season forces animals to seek alternative sources of food to meet their needs, as observed in this case study. Intake of a large amount of mango was the cause of ruminal acidosis due to an overabundance of simple sugars. The measures established for the clinical evaluation, diagnostic methods used, collection of blood sample and rumen fluid, and the adopted therapy, administration of fluid therapy, antimicrobial and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, associated with evacuation of the ruminal content, transfaunation, administered directly to the rumen, were essential to directing the diagnosis and obtaining a fast recovery time for the female bovine. Therefore, it can be concluded the excessive intake of fruit was the primary cause of rumen acidosis, and efficient case management led to observed clinical improvements in the physical-chemical characteristics of the ruminal liquid, with no recurrence of previous clinical signs.

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Diagnosis and Management of Rumen Acidosis and Bloat in Feedlots

Cited by 32 publications

References 74 publications

The effect of paddy straw and concentrate containing green tea dust on performance and nutrient digestibility in feedlot lambs

The effect of paddy straw and concentrate containing green tea dust on performance and nutrient digestibility in feedlot lambs

Hot topic: Automated assessment of reticulo-ruminal motility in dairy cows using 3-dimensional vision

Ruminal Acidosis Caused by Excessive Ingestion of Mango Fruit (Mangifera indica) in Cow

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