Diagnosis and management ofPneumocystis jiroveciiinfection

Neumonía por Pneumocystis jiroveci post inicio de tratamiento con infliximab en paciente con enfermedad de Crohn

“…Dado que el estudio microscópico del P. jiroveci sólo ha mostrado una sensibilidad de un 55-78%, han sido desarrolladas nuevas herramientas diagnósticas 5 . En este sentido técnicas moleculares de RPC y serológicas que evalúan el polisacárido β-D-glucano pueden ayudar en el diagnóstico y manejo de la neumonía por P. jiroveci 5 .…”

“…En este sentido técnicas moleculares de RPC y serológicas que evalúan el polisacárido β-D-glucano pueden ayudar en el diagnóstico y manejo de la neumonía por P. jiroveci 5 . Sin embargo, es necesario considerar que, aunque la técnica de RPCq es promisoria en discriminar colonización e infección, las secuencias de ADN a evaluar y el valor de corte aún deben ser estandarizadas.…”

Non-culture based assays for the detection of fungal pathogens

“…Molecular diagnosis of P. jirovecii pneumonia P. jirovecii is an opportunistic unicellular fungal pathogen that causes an acute and life-threatening Pneumocystis pneumonia in immunocompromised hosts [76,77], such as HIV-infected patients (especially those who do not know that they are HIV positive, do not comply with or respond to antiretroviral therapy or Pneumocystis prophylaxis) [78], solid organ transplant and haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, patients with malignant diseases, non-HIV-infected patients receiving immunosuppressive medications (e.g. corticosteroids, monoclonal antibodies or cytokine inhibitors) for autoimmune or inflammatory diseases and subjects with congenital immunodeficiencies [79][80][81]. The clinical course of infection is more acute and severe in HIV-negative immunocompromised patients than in HIVinfected hosts with significantly higher rates of mortality (35-55% vs. 10-20%) [82].…”

Translational Development and Application of (1→3)-β-d-Glucan for Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Invasive Mycoses

“…Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) classically develops in immunocompromised hosts with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), prolonged corticosteroid exposure, or other disorders of T-cell function [24,25,26,27]. Patients typically present with dyspnea, non-productive cough, and fever in the setting of diffuse ground glass opacities on chest radiograph [27,28].…”

“…Patients typically present with dyspnea, non-productive cough, and fever in the setting of diffuse ground glass opacities on chest radiograph [27,28]. The preferred diagnostic specimens for detection of P. jirovecii are BAL fluid or biopsy, but obtaining this material may not be possible in some patients [29,30].…”