Diagnosis and investigation of chronic kidney disease in cats

Cannon, Martha

doi:10.1136/inp.i4914

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…22 This may be because of the dietary intervention implemented in these animals or due to the cats’ hydration state, which have both been shown to influence USG, especially in the early stages of CKD. 22–24…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical outcomes of 28 cats 12–24 months after urethrostomy

Sousa-Filho

Nunes-Pinheiro

Sampaio

et al. 2019

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the long-term clinical outcomes and quality of life of cats having undergone perineal urethrostomy (PU) or prepubic urethrostomy (PPU). Methods This clinical study followed 28 cats (PU, n = 22; PPU, n = 6) that underwent a urethrostomy, with a minimum of 1 year postoperative follow-up. Medical records, pet owner surveys and urologic laboratory tests were used for assessment. Urologic laboratory tests included serum symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), serum creatinine, urinalysis, urine specific gravity (USG), urine protein:creatinine (UPC) ratio and urine culture. Results The main indications for urethrostomy were multiple catheterizations and PU stricture. The overall complication rates of PU and PPU were 31.8% and 83.3%, respectively. Recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) and urine scald dermatitis was less frequent in PU than in PPU cats (UTI 22.7% vs 66.6%; dermatitis 4.5% vs 83.3%). Bacteriuria was present in 77.2% and 100% of PU and PPU cats, respectively. Owner satisfaction rates were excellent in 81.8% of PU and 33.3% of PPU cases. Conclusions and relevance A proportion of cats that underwent urethrostomy showed bacteriuria, recurrent UTIs and increased levels of SDMA. PPU is important as a salvage procedure; however, it should be limited to cases in which standard techniques for PU cannot be performed, owing to the potential for recurrent complications and lower owner satisfaction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical outcomes of 28 cats 12–24 months after urethrostomy

Sousa-Filho

Nunes-Pinheiro

Sampaio

et al. 2019

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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“…Increase in blood pressure is mediated by an increase in cardiac output. When the heart fails to pump blood at a sufficient rate to supply oxygen of all vital organs, it results in compensatory left ventricular hypertrophy (Cannon 2016 ), as seen in the gross lesion of this case report. The entire event will eventually lead to congestive heart failure (CHF).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Polycystic kidney disease concurrent with feline parvovirus and bacterial infections in domestic shorthair cat: a case report

et al. 2020

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Feline polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is an inherited disorder caused by the mutation of PKD1 gene that eventually lead to the development of chronic kidney disease. The latter condition causes hypertension and eventually progress into congestive heart failure. Feline parvovirus (FPV) is a highly contagious and often fatal disease infecting cats and other members of Felidae. An 8-month-old female domestic shorthair cat was presented with complaint of wound dehiscence a day after ovarian hysterectomy procedure. The wound at the suture site appeared necrotic, purulent with foul smell. The cat was found to have diarrhoea during the fixation of suture breakdown and, later, was tested positive with parvovirus infection. Complete blood count revealed anaemia, neutrophilia, lymphopenia and thrombocytosis. Biochemistry profiles showed hypoproteinaemia and elevated of urea and creatinine. The cat was hospitalised, and symptomatic treatments were given. During hospitalisation, the cat showed symptoms of polydipsia and polyuria and found dead 2 days later. Post-mortem findings demonstrated the cat had oral ulceration, thoracic effusion, fibrinopleuropneumonia, pericardial effusion, left ventricular hypertrophy and right ventricular dilation, chronic passive liver congestion, mesenteric lymphadenomegaly, intestinal haemorrhage, adrenomegaly and polycystic kidney. Histopathological evaluation revealed fibrinous pleuropneumonia, pulmonary atelectasis, emphysema and oedema, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hepatic necrosis, splenic necrosis, intestinal necrosis, renal necrosis and renal polycystic. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were isolated from bronchus swab and intestinal segment, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed parvovirus infection. The cat was definitely diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease concurrent with parvoviral and secondary bacterial infections.

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“…Poor hair quality with an increase of scales is commonly observed in animals suffering from renal injury (Canon, 2016). Therefore, we also evaluated the hair condition as well as scale scores as clinical signs of renal injury induced by CDDP to evaluate the effects of radon inhalation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Effects of Radon Inhalation According to Mouse Strain and Cisplatin Dose in a Cisplatin-induced Renal Damage Model

Sasaoka

Kataoka

Kanzaki

et al. 2018

PJZ

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Cisplatin (CDDP) is widely used for treating solid cancers; however, it induces nephrotoxicity caused by oxidative stress. Here, we investigated whether radon inhalation has different effects against CDDPinduced renal injury in two mouse strains differing in radiosensitivity, and determined the appropriate dose of CDDP combined with radon inhalation for highly radiosensitive mice. CDDP was administered at 20 mg/kg weight to C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice after radon inhalation at 1000 Bq/m 3 and 2000 Bq/m 3 for 24 h. Radon inhalation had a slight positive effect against CDDP toxicity in C57BL/6J mice with respect to improved hair condition, whereas radon inhalation exacerbated CDDP-induced toxicity in BALB/c mice, such as a decrease in hair condition, higher creatinine levels, and decreased antioxidant contents (catalase and glutathione). When BALB/c mice were treated with a lower dose of CDDP (15 mg/kg) after 1000 Bq/m 3 radon inhalation, the creatinine level was reduced and the superoxide dismutase content was increased, suggesting that this combination might have a protective effect against the CDDP-induced renal damage. The supportive effect of radon inhalation shows its good potential as a candidate treatment to alleviate CDDP-induced renal damage in veterinary medicine.

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Diagnosis and investigation of chronic kidney disease in cats

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Clinical outcomes of 28 cats 12–24 months after urethrostomy

Clinical outcomes of 28 cats 12–24 months after urethrostomy

Polycystic kidney disease concurrent with feline parvovirus and bacterial infections in domestic shorthair cat: a case report

Comparative Effects of Radon Inhalation According to Mouse Strain and Cisplatin Dose in a Cisplatin-induced Renal Damage Model

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