Diagenesis, not biogenesis: Two late Roman skeletal examples

Zapata, Juan; Pérez-Sirvent, Cármen; Martínez-Sánchez, María José; Tovar, P.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.05.021

Cited by 62 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Indeed, the Medieval diet was mixed and balanced with a predominance of plant foods compared to the diet rich in animal protein of the Copper Age (Bartoli & Bacci 2009). These lead concentrations are, however, lower than those found in Roman samples, a period when exposure to lead was high (Zapata et al, 2006;Aufderheide et al, 1992;Lewis, 1995) and are similar to those determined in the contemporary human population (Becker et al, 1968;Busetto et al, 2008;Miculescu et al, 2011). …”

Section: Comparison Of Epochssupporting

confidence: 72%

Trace Elements in Eneolithic and Late Medieval Human Bones from Two Archaeological Sites in Tuscany: Evaluation of Diagenetic Processes, Diet and Exposure to Heavy Metals

Bianchi¹,

Moroni²,

Bonucci³

et al. 2017

JAA

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Concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn, Ca, Sr, Al, Fe, Ti, Fe and Mn were determined in bone samples from human skeletons dating back to the Late Medieval Period from Pianosa Island (Grosseto, Italy) and to the Eneolithic (i.e. the Copper Age) from the Lunigiana region (municipality of Cassola, Massa Carrara, Italy), in order to obtain insights into diet, heavy metal contamination and differences in accumulation between humerus and femur. The influence of diagenetic processes, which alter archaeological remains within their burial environment, was evaluated by multivariate statistical analysis, comparing trace element concentrations both in bone and in soil still present in the humerus and femur. This method and Sr:Ca and Zn:Ca ratios provided reliable information on diagenetic processes and diet in the two periods and enabled assessment of accumulation of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb).The results indicate that diagenesis did not influence concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn, Ca or Sr, and that there was no significant difference in accumulation of these elements between humerus and femur. Sr:Ca and Zn:Ca ratios indicated vastly different diets in the two periods. The occurrence of high levels of Cu (1368.64 mg/kg d.w.) in a humerus from the Copper Age sample possibly due to exposure during copper smelting, was a very interesting outcome.

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Section: Comparison Of Epochssupporting

confidence: 72%

Trace Elements in Eneolithic and Late Medieval Human Bones from Two Archaeological Sites in Tuscany: Evaluation of Diagenetic Processes, Diet and Exposure to Heavy Metals

Bianchi¹,

Moroni²,

Bonucci³

et al. 2017

JAA

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“…Besides, the values are higher than the range of ratios that were proposed by Zapata et al (2006) as thresholds of significant diagenetic process (2.30 to 2.50). Based on the comparisons, it can be concluded that the studied bone samples, in general, have been subjected to significant postmortem alterations.…”

Section: Discussion Diagenesis Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 55%

Dietary Changes across the Neolithic Levels of the Tepecik-Çiftlik Population

Özdemir

Akyol

Büyükkarakaya

2017

Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences

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As an important mineral source for the entire organism, bone serves as a useful bioarchive for monitoring past human lifeways like diet, since the concentration of the elements in its structure is influenced by the individual diet. Human and animal bones from three different Neolithic Levels (Level 5, 4, and 3) dated to 6800 and 6100 cal. BC according to the C14 found in Tepecik-Çiftlik, Central Anatolia, were elementally (Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Sr, Zn, Cu, and Pb) investigated by the help of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. The element content of bones refers to post-mortem alteration (diagenesis), especially for manganese and lead. Bivariate treatment of the element with calcium (element/calcium ratio) seems to demonstrate some differences between adult and subadult, male and female, and among levels. Multivariate analysis (PCA and DA) suggests a shift from meat consumption and rich subsistence economy in the lower levels to more vegetable (cereal) consumption and poor economy in the upper level. The results obtained from multivariate treatments are in agreement with the findings of archaeologists and anthropologists who conducted the excavations. Keywords: trace elements, heavy metals, Neolithic populations, paleodiet, ancient bone, central Anatolia Öz Organizma için önemli bir mineral kaynağı olan kemiğin yapısında yer alan elementlerin derişimi beslenmeden etkilenebildiğinden, kemik diyet gibi geçmiş insan yaşam biçimlerini izlemek için yararlı bir biyolojik arşiv görevi görür. Orta Anadolu Bölgesinde yer alan Tepecik-Çiftliğin C14 tarihlemesine göre yaklaşık 6800-6100 yılları arasına tarihlenen üç farklı Neolitik Tabakasından (Seviye 5, 4 ve 3) elde edilen insan ve hayvan kemiklerinin element (Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Sr, Zn, Cu ve Pb) içeriği X-ışını fluoresans (XRF) spektrometrisi yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Kemiklerin element içeriği mangan ve kurşun başta olmak üzere gömü sonrası değişime işaret etmektedir. Elementlerin kalsiyum ile (element/kalsiyum oranı) bivaret analizi yetişkin ile yetişkin yaş altı, kadın ile erkek bireyler ve tabakalar arasında farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir. Çok değişkenli analizler (PCA ve DA) alt katmanlarda et tüketiminden ve zengin geçinim ekonomisinden üst tabakada daha fazla bitki (örneğin tahıl) tüketimine ve fakir geçinim ekonomisine geçiş olduğunu göstermektedir. Çok değişkenli incelemelerden elde edilen sonuçlar, kazıları gerçekleştiren arkeologların ve antropologların bulguları ile uyumludur.

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“…No obstante, se analizó también la matriz terrosa y como se observa en la Tabla 4 dichos metales también se encontraron en el sustrato, por lo que probablemente parte de los elementos registrados en los huesos proviniesen de una contaminación externa durante la diagénesis. Sin embargo, no se podía desechar la idea de que hubiera algún tipo de contaminación en vida del asno porque no se podían discriminar cuáles eran los elementos intrusivos ni qué cantidades provenían de la diagénesis (Carvalho & Marques, 2008;Carvalho et al, 2004;Patterson et al, 1991;Rebôcho et al, 2006;Zapata et al, 2006). Posteriormente se limpiaron utilizando el procedimiento descrito anteriormente, acetona y ácido acético, y los resultados de PIXE en la parte interna (T3 y F7) no mostraron trazas de Si, Mg, Al, K, Ti, Cr, Mn ni Pb, contrariamente a los resultados de los análisis realizados en las muestras que sólo fueron cepilladas (Tabla 4).…”

Section: ¿Se Podría Hablar De Bioacumulación En Los Huesos Del Asno?unclassified

Análisis pixe en muestras óseas subfósiles: ensayo de un protocolo de preparación

García-Viñas¹,

Tubío²,

Ortega-Feliú³

et al. 2018

digitAR

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A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos.Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença.Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra.Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso.Análisis pixe en muestras óseas subfósiles: ensayo de un protocolo de preparación Autor(es):García-Viñas, E.; Gómez Tubío, B.; Ortega-Feliú, I.; Bernáldez-Sánchez, E. Palabras clave: PIXE, elementos traza, diagénesis, bioacumulación, subfósil. ANÁLISIS PIXE EN MUESTRAS ÓSEAS SUBFÓSILES: ENSAYO DE UN PROTOCOLO DE PREPARACIÓN PIXE ANALYSIS IN SUBFOSSIL BONE SAMPLES: TESTING A PREPARATION PROTOCOLGarcía-Viñas, E.Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales. Universidad Pablo de Olavide.Gómez Tubío, B.

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Diagenesis, not biogenesis: Two late Roman skeletal examples

Cited by 62 publications

References 46 publications

Trace Elements in Eneolithic and Late Medieval Human Bones from Two Archaeological Sites in Tuscany: Evaluation of Diagenetic Processes, Diet and Exposure to Heavy Metals

Trace Elements in Eneolithic and Late Medieval Human Bones from Two Archaeological Sites in Tuscany: Evaluation of Diagenetic Processes, Diet and Exposure to Heavy Metals

Dietary Changes across the Neolithic Levels of the Tepecik-Çiftlik Population

Análisis pixe en muestras óseas subfósiles: ensayo de un protocolo de preparación

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