Diabetic neuropathy

Charnogursky, Gerald; Hong, Liu; López, Norma

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-4087-0.00051-6

Cited by 40 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…146 The majority of patients with diabetic neuro pathy experience a distal symmetrical form of the disorder, which develops follow ing long-lasting hyperglycaemia and has a predomi nance of sensory manifestations, including pain, trophic changes in the feet and autonomic disturbances. 147 An increasing amount of evidence suggests that adeno sine decreases pain transmission at both spinal and peripheral sites.…”

Section: Diabetic Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenosine signalling in diabetes mellitus—pathophysiology and therapeutic considerations

et al. 2015

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Adenosine is a key extracellular signalling molecule that regulates several aspects of tissue function by activating four G-protein-coupled receptors, A1, A2A, A2B and A1 adenosine receptors. Accumulating evidence highlights a critical role for the adenosine system in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although adenosine signalling is known to affect insulin secretion, new data indicate that adenosine signalling also contributes to the regulation of β-cell homeostasis and activity by controlling the proliferation and regeneration of these cells as well as the survival of β cells in inflammatory microenvironments. Furthermore, adenosine is emerging as a major regulator of insulin responsiveness by controlling insulin signalling in adipose tissue, muscle and liver; adenosine also indirectly mediates effects on inflammatory and/or immune cells in these tissues. This Review critically discusses the role of the adenosine-adenosine receptor system in regulating both the onset and progression of T1DM and T2DM, and the potential of pharmacological manipulation of the adenosinergic system as an approach to manage T1DM, T2DM and their associated complications.

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Section: Diabetic Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenosine signalling in diabetes mellitus—pathophysiology and therapeutic considerations

et al. 2015

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“…Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is classically a sensory neuropathy presenting as numbness and parethesias in a length dependent “stocking glove” distribution, whereby the feet are affected earlier and more severely than the hands (as reviewed in [51]), but painful, autonomic, or motor neuropathies may also occur (reviewed in [249]). In two studies of patients with type-I diabetes, intense glucose control reduced the risk of peripheral neuropathy by 60%[102, 110].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of distal axonal degeneration in peripheral neuropathies

Cashman

Höke²

2015

Neuroscience Letters

166

181

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Peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of a variety of diseases and treatments, including diabetes, cancer chemotherapy, and infectious causes (HIV, hepatitis C, and Campylobacter jejuni). Despite the fundamental difference between these insults, peripheral neuropathy develops as a combination of just six primary mechanisms: altered metabolism, covalent modification, altered organelle function and reactive oxygen species formation, altered intracellular and inflammatory signaling, slowed axonal transport, and altered ion channel dynamics and expression. All of these pathways converge to lead to axon dysfunction and symptoms of neuropathy. The detailed mechanisms of axon degeneration itself have begun to be elucidated with studies of animal models with altered degeneration kinetics, including the slowed Wallerian degeneration (Wlds) and Sarmknockout animal models. These studies have shown axonal degeneration to occur througha programmed pathway of injury signaling and cytoskeletal degradation. Insights into the common disease insults that converge on the axonal degeneration pathway promise to facilitate the development of therapeutics that may be effective against other mechanisms of neurodegeneration.

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“…Our results demonstrate that intra-muscular administration of angiogenic peptides incorporated into liposomes produced a similar treatment effect on ischemic limb perfusion compared with that of intra-arterial infusion. The clinical significance of these findings is that the peripheral blood supply is often underperfused or poorly perfused due to blood clots in large blood vessels in patients with neuroangiopathy, which is the most common diabetes complication (Charnogursky et al, 2014). Thus, intra-muscular delivery of our liposomal angiogenic formulation would be an effective treatment strategy for these patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%