Diabetes, Metformin, and Lung Cancer: Retrospective Study of the Korean NHIS-HEALS Database

Dipstick proteinuria and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a nationwide population-based cohort study

“…For this study, we classified the dipstick proteinuria results into three groups: ‘no proteinuria (-)’, ‘trace (±)’, and ‘overt proteinuria (≥ 1 +)’. The incidence of primary outcome (new-onset T2DM) was defined as the presence of one of the following two conditions: a health claim code of E11-E14 with the prescription of any anti-diabetic drug (insulin, sulfonylurea, metformin, meglitinide, thiazolidinedione, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, or α-glucosidase inhibitor) during follow-up or a fasting serum glucose level ≥ 126 mg/dL obtained from the serial health screening program data [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Advances in metformin‑based metabolic therapy for non‑small cell lung cancer (Review)

“…In addition, analyses stratified by tissue type indicated a significant improvement in OS and PFS in NSCLC, suggesting that metformin may be an effective treatment option for patients with diabetes combined with lung cancer. However, Kim et al ( 89 ) performed a retrospective study of 336,168 individuals regarding lung cancer incidence with a median study duration of 12.86 years and observed that metformin treatment did not reduce lung cancer incidence in the diabetic population. The potential use of metformin in lung cancer prevention should be reconsidered and requires to be further validated in randomized controlled trials.…”

Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Different Types of Cancers: A Systematic Review

“…A total of 15 studies were included in this review, with 1,080,106 diabetic patients who developed different types of cancers. Seven studies were conducted in the USA [13][14][15][16][17][18][19], two in China [20,21], one in Canada [22], one in the Australia [23], one in Lithuania [24], one in Poland [25] one in Finland [26] and one in the UK [27]. Regarding the studies' designs; Eight studies were retrospective in nature [13,16,19,20,22,[24][25][26], four were prospective [14,17,23,27], and two were case-control studies [15,21].…”

“…Seven studies were conducted in the USA [13][14][15][16][17][18][19], two in China [20,21], one in Canada [22], one in the Australia [23], one in Lithuania [24], one in Poland [25] one in Finland [26] and one in the UK [27]. Regarding the studies' designs; Eight studies were retrospective in nature [13,16,19,20,22,[24][25][26], four were prospective [14,17,23,27], and two were case-control studies [15,21]. Seven studies included patients with T2DM [16][17][18][19][23][24][25], two studies included patients with T1DM [26,27], and six studies included patients with both type1 and type2 DM [13][14][15][20][21][22].…”

“…Regarding the studies' designs; Eight studies were retrospective in nature [13,16,19,20,22,[24][25][26], four were prospective [14,17,23,27], and two were case-control studies [15,21]. Seven studies included patients with T2DM [16][17][18][19][23][24][25], two studies included patients with T1DM [26,27], and six studies included patients with both type1 and type2 DM [13][14][15][20][21][22]. Lung cancer was reported in two studies [13,19], prostate cancer [16,22], thyroid cancer [21,26], colorectal cancer [18,25], different cancer types [14,27], biliary tract cancer (BTC) [20], breast cancer [15], pancreatic cancer [23], endometrial cancer [24], and bladder cancer [17].…”