Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia

Dawish, Mohamed Abdulaziz Al; Robert, Asirvatham Alwin

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-36811-1_45

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“… 60 In addition, over the past 3 years, Saudi Arabia has recorded an increase in diabetes mellitus cases, roughly equivalent to a 10-fold increase. 61 The pathogenesis of T2DM is complicated and consists of multiple factors that operate in concert to produce this condition. 62 Genetic, environmental, immunological, and lifestyle factors typically contribute to developing T2DM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Identification of lncRNA and mRNA for Diagnosing Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia

Albogami

2023

PGPM

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According to the World Health Organization, Saudi Arabia ranks seventh worldwide in the number of patients with diabetes mellitus. To our knowledge, no research has addressed the potential of noncoding RNA as a diagnostic and/or management biomarker for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) living in high-altitude areas. This study aimed to identify molecular biomarkers influencing patients with T2DM living in high-altitude areas by analyzing lncRNA and mRNA. Patients and Methods: RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were used to identify significantly expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in T2DM and healthy control groups. Coding potential was analyzed using coding-noncoding indices, the coding potential calculator, and PFAM, and the lncRNA function was predicted using Pearson's correlation. Differentially expressed transcripts between the groups were identified, and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed to identify the biological functions of both lncRNAs and mRNAs. Results: We assembled 1766 lncRNAs in the T2DM group, of which 582 were novel. This study identified three lncRNA target genes (KLF2, CREBBP, and REL) and seven mRNAs (PIK3CD, PIK3R5, IL6R, TYK2, ZAP70, LAMTOR4, and SSH2) significantly enriched in important pathways, playing a role in the progression of T2DM. Conclusion:To the best of our knowledge, this comprehensive study is the first to explore the applicability of certain lncRNAs as diagnostic or management biomarkers for T2DM in females in Taif City, Saudi Arabia through the genome-wide identification of lncRNA and mRNA profiling using RNA seq and bioinformatics analysis. Our findings could help in the early diagnosis of T2DM and in designing effective therapeutic targets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Identification of lncRNA and mRNA for Diagnosing Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia

Albogami

2023

PGPM

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“…In the Middle East, approximately 81 million individuals have T2DM, with Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and UAE having the highest number of T2DM (>21%) [3]. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia is the second highest in the Middle East and the seventh highest globally [4]. The estimated number of individuals in Saudi Arabia living with diabetes exceeds 7 million, with an additional 3 million living with pre-diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and Practice of Foot Care among Patients with Diabetes Attending Diabetes Center, Saudi Arabia

Aljaouni,

Alharbi,

Al-Nozha

2024

Healthcare

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Background: Diabetic foot is a serious and often debilitating diabetes complication that poses a significant risk of morbidity and even mortality. However, ensuring good knowledge and good practice of appropriate foot care for patients with diabetes has been frequently neglected in diabetes management. Objectives: This study aimed to assess foot care knowledge and practice in patients with diabetes. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 400 patients with diabetes at Madinah Diabetes Center, Madinah City, Saudi Arabia, in 2023. Sociodemographic, knowledge score, practice of foot care, and diabetes-related data were collected using a valid interview structured questionnaire. The prevalence of good knowledge and practice level was calculated and compared using the studied patients’ characteristics using appropriate statistical tests. Results: The prevalence of good knowledge of foot care and its practice was 35% and 27%, respectively. The knowledge level showed statistically significant differences among patients based on their age and diabetes type and duration. Patients who were >50 years (70.1%), had type 2 diabetes (89.5%), and with diabetes duration >10 years (65%) showed significantly better knowledge. Female patients (65.7%) had a higher good practice level compared with male patients (34.3%) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study highlights the insufficient knowledge and inadequate foot care practice among patients with diabetes in the studied population. Educational interventions and targeted strategies are necessary to improve knowledge about the importance of foot care and promote better foot care practices among patients with diabetes.

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“…In Saudi Arabia, a study conducted revealed that the prevalence of diabetes is about 25%, making it one of the most frequently occurring diseases all over the world. 3 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Polymorphisms in Antioxidant Enzyme-Encoding Genes with Diabetic Nephropathy in a Group of Saudi Arabian Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Albeladi¹,

Mostafa²,

Zayed³

et al. 2022

IJGM

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Introduction An imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the defence mechanisms underlying the activity of antioxidant enzymes has been demonstrated as the leading pathology in diabetes mellitus (DM)-related microvascular complications. Purpose This study aims to evaluate the association between polymorphisms in antioxidant enzyme-encoding genes: catalase (CAT); manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD); glutathione S transferase M1 (GSTM1); and GSTT1 glutathione S transferase T1 (GSTT1), and the risk of type II diabetic nephropathy (DN) in the Saudi population. Patients and Methods The present study involved 64 type II DM patients with nephropathy and 64 type II diabetes patients without nephropathy from the King Abdulaziz University (KAU) Hospital. They underwent real-time PCR genotyping for the Mn-SOD and CAT genes. Multiplex PCR was used to detect GSTM1- and GSTT1-null polymorphisms. Results A statistically significant difference was observed between the case and control groups with regard to polymorphisms in the CAT gene (P = 0.037), but not for polymorphisms in the Mn-SOD (P = 0.64) gene. In addition, a statistically significant association was observed between null polymorphisms of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes and DN in the case and control groups (P = 0.046 and P = 0.035, respectively). Conclusion Our results showed that the genetic ability to combat oxidative stress may play a major role in DN pathogenesis in Saudi type II DM patients. These polymorphisms in antioxidant enzyme-encoding genes could be used as independent genetic markers for the construction of risk prediction models for kidney-related complications in type II DM patients.

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Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia

Cited by 7 publications

References 50 publications

Genome-Wide Identification of lncRNA and mRNA for Diagnosing Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia

Genome-Wide Identification of lncRNA and mRNA for Diagnosing Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia

Knowledge and Practice of Foot Care among Patients with Diabetes Attending Diabetes Center, Saudi Arabia

Association of Polymorphisms in Antioxidant Enzyme-Encoding Genes with Diabetic Nephropathy in a Group of Saudi Arabian Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus

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