Diabetes-induced Testicular Disorders Vis-a-vis Germ Cell Apoptosis in Albino Rat: Remedial Effect of Hexane Fraction of Root of Musa paradisiaca and Leaf of Coccinia indica

Abstract

The present study was designed to investigate diabetes induced germ cell apoptosis in testis and its protection by treatment with hexane fraction of hydro-methanolic extract of root of Musa paradisiaca and leaf of Coccinia indica in composite manner. Testicular oxidative stress injury was reflected by diminution in the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione-s-transferase along with elevation in levels of conjugated diene and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in diabetic condition. Serum testosterone and insulin levels were decreased in association with elevation in apoptosis of pancreatic islet cells in diabetic rats. Giant cells number along with elevation in the number of apoptotic cells were noted in seminiferous tubules in diabetic model animals. Significant improvements in the levels of blood glucose, serum insulin and testosterone and testicular oxidative stress parameters were noted versus control after treatment of said fraction at a dose of 2 mg (1 : 3)/0.2 ml olive oil per 100 g body weight per day for 45 days to diabetic rats. Numbers of giant cells in seminiferous tubules, apoptotic germ cells and apoptotic pancreatic islet cells were decreased significantly in fraction treated diabetic group versus control. From UV-spectroscopic and TLC studies in connection with phytochemical screening of the said fraction, phenol, flavonoid and alkaloid types of compound were found. From these results it may be concluded that the active ingredient(s) present in hexane fraction of root of Musa paradisiaca and leaf of Coccinia indica have the potential to correct diabetes-induced testicular germ cell apoptosis.

Phytotherapy in reducing glycemic index and testicular oxidative stress resulting from induced diabetes: a review

“…Nevertheless, Singh et al (2013) found no significant increase in testicular glutathione S-transferase levels (GST) although Raza et al (2004), Mallick et al (2010), Shah and Khan (2014), Chatterjee et al (2012Chatterjee et al ( , 2013 reported increase of GST levels in testis and/or sperm to the levels of control group. In studies by Mallick et al (2007Mallick et al ( , 2010, Hamden et al (2008), Giribabu et al (2014) and Shah and Khan (2014), the treatment with plant extracts resulted in the recovery of catalase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels. Mallick et al (2007) achieved the recovery of catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels and thus antioxidant protection to the testicular tissue.…”

“…In 31.6% of studies that evaluated the blood insulin concentration, Mallick et al (2010) obtained the most efficient results, restoring the low levels observed in diabetic animals to those of control group. However, Mallick et al (2007), Chatterjee et al (2012Chatterjee et al ( , 2013, Hajizadeh et al (2014) and Shah and Khan (2014) reported a recovery compared to untreated diabetic animals.…”

“…The methods used by Mallick et al (2010), Chatterjee et al (2012Chatterjee et al ( , 2013, Suresh et al (2013), Ukwenya et al (2013) and Hajizadeh et al (2014) were highly effective in reducing the high levels of lipid peroxidation in diabetic animals to the levels of control group. Mallick et al (2007) and Singh et al (2013) also achieved good results and Giribabu et al (2014) and Shah and Khan (2014) observed that dose increase caused better recovery.…”

“…Thereby, medicinal plants comprise components, such as flavonoids and alkaloids, with hypoglycemic properties and antioxidant potential. They also play a fundamental role in the stimulation of endogenous production of protective enzymes and in the monitoring of the blood glucose levels in diabetic subjects (Mallick et al 2010;Chatterjee et al, 2013;Ukwenya et al, 2013).…”

Antidiabetic and Antioxidative activity of Ethyl acetate Fraction of Hydromethanolic Extract of Seed of Eugenia jambolana Linn Through In-Vivo and In-Vitro Study and its Chromatographic Purification

“…[21][22][23][24] UV-Visible spectroscopy: Determination of λ max UV-Visible spectra (for λ max) were recorded using PerkinElmer Lambda 35 UV/VIS dual beam spectrophotometer fitted with quartz cells. Both U 1 and U 2 were separately dissolved in and diluted with HPLC grade methanol to prepare the solutions of 25µg/mL and the compounds were scanned over entire UV range (400-199 nm) for recording of UV spectra to determine the λ max of the compounds.…”