Diabetes in Nigeria: Impact, Challenges, Future Directions

Oguejiofor, OC; Odenigbo, Charles; Onwukwe, Chikezie Hart

doi:10.4172/2161-1017.1000130

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…By 2011, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that 366 million adults aged 20-79 years out of the world's 7 billion population had DM. The annual cost of managing Diabetes in Africa is about 137 U.S. dollars which constitutes about 10% of the income of most of the patients [16].…”

Section: Prevalence Of Systemic Comorbidities Across Ophthalmic Diagnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For long, Africa was considered safe from many of the "so-called diseases of affluence" plaguing the Western World, especially diabetes mellitus (DM). Indeed, medical statistics from 1959 to the mid-1980s showed the prevalence rate for DM in Africa to be ≤ 1.4% except in South Africa where the DM estimate was as high as 3.6% in 2001 [16,17]. From the 1990s to date, the virtually static low prevalence rates appear to have changed drastically.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Systemic Comorbidities Across Ophthalmic Diagnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Information on the detailed cost of diabetes care (direct, indirect and total costs) in Nigeria and other developing nations needs to be evaluated and documented, such that policy makers and policy drivers will appreciate the need to focus on introducing early, cost effective interventions for both primary and secondary prevention. The Diabetic association of Nigeria (DAN) [16] has already started a training curriculum for health workers since November 2013.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Systemic Comorbidities Across Ophthalmic Diagnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systemic Disease Comorbidities among Ophthalmic Patients in Nigeria: Implications for Preventive Ophthalmology

Chukwuka

Pedro-Egbe

2020

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Background/Aim: Quite often patients who are refracted in our clinics have other ocular or systemic conditions that may affect the result or delay the issuance of spectacle corrections – for instance poorly controlled diabetic patients may have to wait for months to achieve better control of their condition. These associated comorbidities may require medical or surgical intervention before spectacles are ordered. The aim of this study is to determine the systemic comorbidities that exist in ophthalmic patients attending the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) Eye Clinic in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which adult patients who presented in the clinic for change of glasses within the stipulated period of the study were included. They were interviewed to get the relevant information and the data retrieved for each patient included baseline information such as age, gender, unaided visual acuity, visual acuity with their last correction if any as well as co-existing ocular or systemic pathology. The collected data was subsequently analysed using Predictive Analysis Software version 20. Results: Sixty patients participated in study; both males and females were equally represented. Of this this number, thirty-three patients (55%) had systemic comorbidities .Hypertension was present in 43.3% (n=26) while both hypertension and diabetes mellitus occurred in 10% (n=6) of the participants. Forty percent of those with refractive error had hypertension while about 30% of those with glaucoma were both hypertensive and diabetic. Conclusion: There is a very high level of systemic comorbidities in adult patients attending this peripheral clinic, and this is a pointer to the high prevalence of these conditions in the larger population.

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Section: Prevalence Of Systemic Comorbidities Across Ophthalmic Diagnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prevalence Of Systemic Comorbidities Across Ophthalmic Diagnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prevalence Of Systemic Comorbidities Across Ophthalmic Diagnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systemic Disease Comorbidities among Ophthalmic Patients in Nigeria: Implications for Preventive Ophthalmology

Chukwuka

Pedro-Egbe

2020

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“…Epidemiological studies have shown that diabetes mellitus is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases [4,5]; currently, more than 150 million people worldwide are afflicted with diabetes and it is expected that the number will increase to 366 million by 2030 [5]. Diabetes posses an unprecedented economic burden on third world countries presently estimated at approximately USD 372 billion [6]. Associated abnormalities in serum lipid and electrolytes profile is a common complication of diabetes [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diabetes posses an unprecedented economic burden on third world countries presently estimated at approximately USD 372 billion [6]. Associated abnormalities in serum lipid and electrolytes profile is a common complication of diabetes [6]. Although insulin is the major medication used to remedy diabetes, there is an urgent need to find new agents with minimal side effects [7,8,9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of the Effects of Methanolic Extracts of Spondias mombin Leaves and Curcuma longa Rhizomes on Serum Lipid Profile and Electrolytes in Alloxan Induced Diabetes in Male Wistar Rats

Saronee

Ojeka

Amadi

et al. 2020

AJARR

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Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases; the possible uses of Spondias mombin and Curcuma longa rhizomes for the treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular disorders have become prevalent in our environment. Aim: The present study attempts a Comparative assessment of the effects of methanolic extracts of Spondias mombin leaves and Curcuma longa rhizomes on serum lipid profile and electrolytes in alloxan induced diabetes in male wistar rats. Methodology: 90 male wistar rats were randomly divided into 9 groups of 10 rats each. Diabetes was induced intraperitonially using alloxan at 200 mg/kg-bw. The different rat Groups were treated with extracts and glibenclamide orally for 42 days as follows: Group 1: untreated non diabetic; Group 2: untreated diabetic; Group 3: diabetic + low dose Spondias mombin; Group 4: diabetic + high dose Spondias mombin; Group 5: diabetic + low dose Curcuma longa; Group 6: diabetic + high dose Curcuma longa; Group 7: diabetic + low dose combined Spondias mombin and Curcuma longa; Group 8: diabetic + high dose combined Spondias mombin and Curcuma longa; and Group 9; diabetic + glibenclamide. Blood was collected on day 43 by cardiac puncture for determination of serum lipid profile and electrolytes. Results: Compared to Group 2, total serum cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and electrolytes were significantly reduced while high density lipoprotein was significantly increased in all treated Groups (p<0.05). Compared to Groups 3 to 6, Groups 7 and 8 rats showed a significant reduction in total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein as well as electrolytes (p<0.05): however, high density lipoprotein was significantly increased (p<0.05). Conclusion: Spondias mombin showed better hypolipidemic effects compared to Curcuma longa. However, results show that combined treatment with both extracts had better hypolipidemic effects than administration of individual extracts. Further research is recommended to evaluate the possible mechanism of action of these extract.

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Diabetes mellitus in primary and secondary schools in Africa: an exploratory review

Agofure

Akpojubaro

2020

Alexandria Journal of Medicine

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Introduction: The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is currently reported to be on the increase in the school environment among teachers and students in Africa. This review highlighted the current state of DM in primary and secondary schools in Africa. Methods: The review assessed critical literature on African Journals Online, Google Scholar search, PubMed, Medline, and Science Direct as well as information available about DM in the Africa continent. Relevant search terms included prevalence of DM in primary schools, the prevalence of DM in secondary schools, prevalence of DM among teachers and students, knowledge of DM among teachers and students, risk factors of DM among teachers and students in Africa. Results: The review highlighted the prevalence of T2DM among teachers, while prediabetes and T1DM were reported among students. Furthermore, only two studies were identified to assessing knowledge of DM among teachers while few studies reported poor knowledge of DM among students. Conclusion: The issue of DM in both primary and secondary schools should be given the needed attention by the concerned stakeholders. This is because of the possible escalation of T1DM and T2DM within the school environment in Africa in the nearest future.

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Diabetes in Nigeria: Impact, Challenges, Future Directions

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Systemic Disease Comorbidities among Ophthalmic Patients in Nigeria: Implications for Preventive Ophthalmology

Systemic Disease Comorbidities among Ophthalmic Patients in Nigeria: Implications for Preventive Ophthalmology

Comparative Study of the Effects of Methanolic Extracts of Spondias mombin Leaves and Curcuma longa Rhizomes on Serum Lipid Profile and Electrolytes in Alloxan Induced Diabetes in Male Wistar Rats

Diabetes mellitus in primary and secondary schools in Africa: an exploratory review

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