Diabetes Complications and Associated Factors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Cotonou

Abstract

Long-term complications are the main sources of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Aims: The aims of the study were to determine the rate of long-term complications in type 2 diabetic patients and to identify factors associated to these complications. Patients and method: Successive type 2 diabetic patients attending the diabetic center were submitted to a questionnaire and to clinical examination. Data were completed by consulting their medical reports. Chi square test was used for statistical analysis. Results: In 150 diabetic patients included in the study, the global rate of complications was 78.0%. Specific rate for itch complication investigated was 57.7% for peripheral neuropathy, 75.0% for erectile dysfunction, 20.0% for nephropathy, 36.6% for retinopathy, 40% for macroangiopathy and 8.0% for foot ulcer. Factors significantly associated with high rate of complications were age above or equal to 50 years (p = 0.001), the male gender (p = 0.000), high blood pressure (p = 0.0001), the absence of familial history of diabetes (p = 0.02), the duration of the disease above 5 years (p = 0.001) and high HbA1c level (p = 0.001). Conclusion: This study revealed that type 2 diabetic patients followed up in the diabetic center in Cotonou showed a high rate of chronic complications which often occurred in a younger age than in developed countries. Numerous socio-demographic and biological factors were significantly associated with the high rate of complications.

Prevalence of Diabetic Complications and Its Associated Factors Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Diabetes Mellitus Clinics; Institution Based Cross Sectional Study

“…But there is difference in prevalence when compared with that of the study conducted in Benin with prevalence of nephropathy 20%. This difference may be due to exclusion of individuals whose age is less than 25 years and using of small sample size in that of Benin [8].…”

“…Older DM patients whose age is 47 years, 38-47 and 28-37 year are 6.17, 3 and 2.75 times more likely to develop DM complications than those in age group of 18-27 years respectively. Different research findings also show significant association between older age and DM complication [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. But, in study conducted among Australian population age have no effect on DM complication.…”

Prevalence of erectile dysfunction patients with diabetes mellitus and its association with body mass index and glycated hemoglobin in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Overall information regarding the prevalence was obtained from various countries in Africa. Three of the studies were from Nigeria [42][43][44], three from Ethiopia [11,45,46], two from Zimbabwe [41,47] ,two from South Africa [40,48], one each from Guinea [49], Benin [18], Morocco [50], Egypt [24], Senegal [51], Kenya [52], Ivory coast [53], Tanzania [54], Uganda [55],and Ghana [20].…”

“…The risk factors for ED are multifactorial and complex. Studies suggest that risk factors for erectile dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus included hypertension [16,18,19,21,22], heart disease [21], cigarette smoking [16,19,[21][22][23], low education level [16], increasing body mass index [16,17,20], poor glycemic control [16,18,20,24], age above or equal to 50 years [16-18, 20, 23, 25], increasing duration of diabetes [18,25], presence of depressive symptom [17], high income [20] fat-rich diets [26], and other diabetic complications [27].…”

“…Patients with erectile dysfunction might suffer from poor quality of life [22,28], anxiety when sexual ability declines [29], mutual mistrust, general unhappiness, and fear of losing support from partner [30]. It is known that the good control of the disease is associated with reduced complications [18]. According to literature evidence about one-third of men with erectile dysfunction has improvement in sexual function based on lifestyle interventions, such as diet, exercise and weight loss, cessation of smoking, counseling, and appropriate glycemic control through diet [31,32].…”