Di-azides cross-linked, iPP/EPDM-based thermoplastic vulcanizates

Zielinska, A.J.; Noordermeer, Jacobus W.M.; Talma, Auke; Duin, Martin van

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2011.09.009

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, especially in multilayer organic electronic devices, for example, for printed electronics, OLED or organic photovoltaic application, too high temperatures, such as above 200 °C, during processing have to be avoided because of potential degradation of some active substances. Azides and alkynes have been involved before in crosslinking within polymers including applications such as coatings,16, 17 elastomeric materials,18 surface patterning,19, 20 hybrid multilayers,21 microstructure formation,22 and electro‐optic polymers23 and furthermore as small molecule additives in coatings,24–26 rubber materials,27 membranes,28 and electro‐optic materials 29. Thermal azide‐alkyne cycloaddition,17, 18, 23, 24 however, has only recently been applied in crosslinking and shows a great potential for further implementation in other areas of materials science.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and Photochemical Crosslinking of Hyperbranched Polyphenylene With Organic Azides

Pötzsch

Voit

2012

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Here, we report on the first example of crosslinking (CL) hyperbranched polyphenylene (hb-PPh) with a small molecule crosslinker 1,3,5-tris(azidomethyl)benzene (TAMB). It was successfully shown that CL of the hb-PPh/TAMB (9:1) film is possible either thermally or photochemically making use of fundamentally different reaction mechanisms. Starting from a model reaction to prove the feasibility of the thermal CL reaction, we went on to check both the thermal and the photochemical crosslinkability of micrometer thick films. IR spectroscopy was furthermore used to confirm the CL process. Finally, the thin film morphology of the films before and after CL was investigated by AFM, revealing that the surface morphology was unaffected by the CL processes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and Photochemical Crosslinking of Hyperbranched Polyphenylene With Organic Azides

Pötzsch

Voit

2012

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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“…Tri(ethylene glycol) di(azidoformate) (GDAF) was prepared from tri(ethylene glycol) bis(chloroformate). 42 Caution should be exercised and appropriate safety measures must be taken when working with azides. Some azides are classified as toxic and explosive.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Tri(ethylene Glycol) Di(azidoformate)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Polypropylene with Strain Hardening Characteristics via the Noncatalytic C–H Insertion of Azidoformate

Kim

Song

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Unlike linear polypropylene (PP), PP with long-chain branches (LCB-PP) has been known to have high value in polymer processing that requires high melt strength characteristics, such as thermoforming, foaming, and blow molding. In this study, LCB-PP is prepared utilizing the C–H insertion capability of an azidoformate (AF) group. A small molecule with two AF groups at both ends, tri(ethylene glycol) di(azidoformate) (GDAF), is synthesized, where the AF groups are thermally activated to afford nitrene intermediates to interconnect PP chains. Propylene/1-butene copolymer is employed as a dispersant of GDAF, which is first melt-blended with each other at 100 °C to afford a master batch. Then, the mixture is reactive melt mixed with PP at 165 °C to thermally activate the AF groups of GDAF to afford LCB-PP. The amount of branches is controllable by adjusting the GDAF loadings. Due to the branched chain architectures, investigation of rheological characteristics reveals more elastic and strain hardening melt behaviors of the resulting LCB-PPs with higher GDAF loadings, which demonstrates a simple and scalable melt mixing procedure to afford value-added polyolefins.

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“…These highly reactive species can form covalent bonds with both saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon chains of polymers. The material's mechanical properties, like solubility and hardness, are changed [3][4][5][6][7]. In recent years, this process has also proven to be a powerful strategy to boost efficiencies of polymer-based devices such as membrane fuel cells, organic solar cells (OSCs), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive & Efficient: Organic Azides as Cross-Linkers in Material Sciences

Schock

Bräse

2020

Molecules

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The exceptional reactivity of the azide group makes organic azides a highly versatile family of compounds in chemistry and the material sciences. One of the most prominent reactions employing organic azides is the regioselective copper(I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with alkynes yielding 1,2,3-triazoles. Other named reactions include the Staudinger reduction, the aza-Wittig reaction, and the Curtius rearrangement. The popularity of organic azides in material sciences is mostly based on their propensity to release nitrogen by thermal activation or photolysis. On the one hand, this scission reaction is accompanied with a considerable output of energy, making them interesting as highly energetic materials. On the other hand, it produces highly reactive nitrenes that show extraordinary efficiency in polymer crosslinking, a process used to alter the physical properties of polymers and to boost efficiencies of polymer-based devices such as membrane fuel cells, organic solar cells (OSCs), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Thermosets are also suitable application areas. In most cases, organic azides with multiple azide functions are employed which can either be small molecules or oligo- and polymers. This review focuses on nitrene-based applications of multivalent organic azides in the material and life sciences.

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Di-azides cross-linked, iPP/EPDM-based thermoplastic vulcanizates

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Thermal and Photochemical Crosslinking of Hyperbranched Polyphenylene With Organic Azides

Thermal and Photochemical Crosslinking of Hyperbranched Polyphenylene With Organic Azides

Preparation of Polypropylene with Strain Hardening Characteristics via the Noncatalytic C–H Insertion of Azidoformate

Reactive & Efficient: Organic Azides as Cross-Linkers in Material Sciences

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