Di and tripeptides from marine sources can target adipogenic process and contribute to decrease adipocyte number and functions

Abstract

International audienceThe effect of 11 marine-derived cryptides was investigated on proliferation, differentiation and maturation of human white pre-adipocytes (HWP). They were all formerly identified as potent Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme inhibitors.Val-Trp (VW),Val-Tyr (VY), Lys-Tyr (KY), Lys-Trp (KW), Ile-Tyr (IY), Ala-Pro (AP),Val-Ile-Tyr (VIY), Leu-Lys-Pro (LKP), Gly-Pro-Leu (GPL),Ala-Lys-Lys (AKK) and Val-Ala-Pro (VAP) were previously found in fish products and co-products as well as other marine resources like wakame. Treatment with AP, VAP and AKK greatly affected viability of HWP during the proliferation period while KW and VW treatment reduced the number of viable cells during the differentiation stage. A GPL and IY incubation during the differentiation stage allowed the decrease of their final lipid content, of the GPDH activity and of the mRNA level of adipocyte markers (aP2, GLUT4, LPL and AGT). Moreover, a down regulation of both PPARγ and C/EBPα expression, two key regulators of adipogenesis, was observed. These findings indicate that small bioactive peptides from marine protein hydrolysates can target adipogenesis and thus could regulate energy metabolism disorders

Dietary fish protein hydrolysates containing bioactive motifs affect serum and adipose tissue fatty acid compositions, serum lipids, postprandial glucose regulation and growth in obese Zucker fa/fa rats

“…The amount of peptides with a molecular weight of 200-1000 g/mol (comprising peptides with approximately 2-5 amino acids) were similar in the two fish protein hydrolysates, and none of the diets contained measurable amounts of long-chain n-3 PUFA. Both herring and salmon hydrolysates tested in the present study contained motifs with reported hypocholesterolemic and/or antidiabetic effects (35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48) . To our knowledge, this is the first study testing dietary hydrolysed fish protein with identified bioactive motifs with hypocholesterolemic and antidiabetic activities in obese rats.…”

“…In addition, hypocholesterolemic motifs have been found in fish: HIRL and IIAEK have been found in residual material from herring (26) . When searching for known motifs with hypocholesterolemic and/or antidiabetic effects (35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48) in our herring and salmon hydrolysates, we found the antidiabetic motifs IPI, GPL and VW and the combined antidiabetic and hypocholesterolemic PGPL in both hydrolysates. In addition, we found the hypocholesterolemic motif IIAEK and the antidiabetic motifs GPAE and LPGP only in herring.…”

“…In line with this, no differences were seen in serum concentration of NEFA, which is regarded as a risk factor for the development of insulin resistance in humans (61) , between CAS and fish hydrolysate groups. A possible explanation for the observed improvement of postprandial glucose regulation in SAL is that the salmon hydrolysate contained the antidiabetic motifs IPI, GPL, PGPL and VW (37,(41)(42)(43)47) . Of these motifs, IPI and PGPL may be of special interest in the current setting.…”

A Narrative Review of the Anti‐Hyperglycemic and Satiating Effects of Fish Protein Hydrolysates and Their Bioactive Peptides

“…As peptides which exhibit DPP-4 inhibitory activity have also often displayed anti-oxidant activity, [74,75] this antioxidant effect could also play a cytoprotective effect on pancreatic beta cells. [76] Furthermore, Ben Henda et al [77] showed some diand tri-peptides derived from collagen had anorexigenic benefits by up to 80% cytotoxicity in white adipose cells, which is the type of tissue understood to be the primary source of many adipokines involved in the chronic low-grade inflammation associated with obesity. [78] However, very often the authors did not specify which specific marine source the peptides were derived from, thus it could not be included in the tablature associated with this review.…”

Fish derived bio-active peptides and their metabolic effects

“…Alcalase hydrolysate enhanced the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in spleen. Henda et al (2015) have investigated effects of previously known peptides on proliferation, differentiation and maturation of human white pre-adipocytes. They indicated that adipocytes can be affected in different stages of their life cycle by some marine peptides but this is not correlated with their inhibiting ability on ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme).…”