Développement de marqueurs microsatellites pour l’identification et la certification des clones commerciaux de peuplier en Espagne

Abstract

-In order to protect the legitimate interests of the poplar breeders, growers and industries, we have developed a reliable and affordable certification tool for commercial poplars in Spain. We have carried out a genetic description of the 28 commercial clones of the current Spanish National Catalogue using 10 microsatellite molecular markers (SSR). The results clearly show that in the Spanish National Catalogue there are labelling mistakes including synonymies, supported by a combined probability of identity (PI) of 1.18 × 10 −9 . We have also demonstrate that it is possible to identify all the different clones (genotypes) with only three microsatellites, that show a combined probability of identity of 2.4 × 10 −4 , and we have optimised the protocols to reduce the time and the economical costs of the analysis. This SSR-based tool could be incorporated in the current certification protocols, to avoid duplication of accessions and identification mistakes.commercial poplar clone / microsatellite / identification / Spanish national catalogue Résumé -Développement de marqueurs microsatellites pour l'identification et la certification des clones commerciaux de peuplier en Espagne. Dans le but de protéger les intérêts légitimes des cultivateurs, des sélectionneurs et des industriels de la populiculture, nous avons mis au point un outil de certification fiable et accessible pour les clones de peupliers commerciaux en Espagne. Nous avons fait une description génétique des 28 clones commerciaux de l'actuel catalogue national espagnol en utilisant 10 marqueurs moléculaires microsatellites (SSR). Les résultats obtenus indiquent clairement que ce catalogue contient des erreurs d'identification, dont des clones synonymes, soutenues par une probabilité combinée d'identité (PI) de 1.18 × 10 −9 . Nous avons également démontré qu'il est possible d'identifier tous les génotypes différents avec 3 microsatellites, qui montrent une probabilité combinée d'identité de 2.4 × 10 −4 , et nous avons optimisé les protocoles afin de réduire le temps et le coût de l'analyse. Cet outil fondé sur les SSR pourrait être intégré dans les protocoles actuels de certification afin d'éviter la duplication des matériaux et les erreurs d'identification.clone commercial de peuplier / microsatellite / identification / catalogue national espagnol

Molecular characterization and genetic relationships among most common identified morphotypes of critically endangered rare Moroccan species Argania spinosa (Sapotaceae) using RAPD and SSR markers

“…Overall, the results of the obtained polymorphism suggest a high degree of transportability of SSR in Sapotaceae family. These results agree with reports on the successful utilization of these markers in different species from the same genus (Martínez-Gómez et al, 2003) and the successful utilization of these markers in different species from the same family (Decroocq et al, 2003;de-Lucas et al, 2008).…”

“…In the case of Vitellaria paradoxa PD are in general higher with higher level of SSR polymorphism indicating that this species is genetically closer to argan that Manilkara huberi. In addition, these PD values are in general lower than PIC values obtained in the other assays with RAPD as a consequence of the lower polymorphism observed in the application of SSR in comparison with RAPD, as has been previously reported in different species (de-Lucas et al, 2008;Lachenaud and Zhang, 2008;Messaoud et al, 2007;Shiran et al, 2007).…”

“…The most crucial factor for this technique is the DNA quality and concentration offering the advantage of rapid screen for polymorphisms (Dax et al, 1993;Gérard et al, 2006). On the other hand, Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers (microsatellites), also based on the PCR technique, are currently becoming the markers of choice for genetic fingerprinting studies because of their high polymorphism, co-dominance, multiallelism, abundance and uniform dispersion in plant genomes (de-Lucas et al, 2008;Gupta et al, 1996). However, to date, none of these markers have been described in argan although the ability to use the same microsatellite primers in different plant species from the same family, called transportability or transferability, has been well described (Decroocq et al, 2003).…”

Allelic ladders and reference genotypes for a rigorous standardization of poplar microsatellite data

“…Such interest, shown by poplar breeders, growers and industry, is legitimate and needs to be supported (Fossati et al 2005;De-Lucas et al 2008). In addition, European regulations such as the German Law on Forest Reproductive Material (Forstvermehrungsgutgesetz), demand certificates of origin and clonal identity (FoVG 2006).…”

“…Plantations of hybrid poplar have since long been appreciated as an alternative resource for wood production due to increasing demands for renewable energy (Bekkaoui et al 2003;Sims et al 2006;Zsuffa 1975;Rajora and Rahman 2003). Recently, the conversion of abandoned agricultural areas to woodland has begun to be promoted by the European Community (De-Lucas et al 2008).…”