Developments in the characterization of complex rock slope deformation and failure using numerical modelling techniques

Stead, Doug; Eberhardt, E.; Coggan, John

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2005.06.033

Cited by 319 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Further analyses, involving the consideration of brittle fracturing, are suggested. Using hybrid finite/discrete element codes it is possible to simulate the development of new fractures in intact rock (Stead et al 2006) and such an analysis might be important in the simulation of San Leo slope instability processes. Due to the importance of the discontinuity networks, future developments should also include the application of a Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) procedure, to allow a more realistic representation of the joint network (Elmo and Stead 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This software has been successfully applied to landslide modelling by several authors as it allows representation of the full 3D geometry and the incorporation of discontinuities (Stead et al 2006;Yeung and Wong 2007;Brideau and Stead 2010;Kalenchuk 2010;Firpo et al 2011;Brideau and Stead 2012). An explicit time marching solution is used to simulate the response of discontinuous rock mass subjected to static or dynamic loading.…”

Section: Back Analysis Using 3d Distinct Element Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Back Analysis of the 2014 San Leo Landslide Using Combined Terrestrial Laser Scanning and 3D Distinct Element Modelling

et al. 2015

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Landslides of the lateral spreading type, involving brittle geological units overlying ductile terrains, are a common occurrence in the sandstone and limestone plateaux of the northern Apennines of Italy. The edges of these plateaux are often the location of rapid landslide phenomena, such as rock slides, rock falls and topples. In this paper we present a back-analysis of a recent landslide (February 2014), involving the north-eastern sector of the San Leo rock slab (northern Apennines, Emilia-Romagna Region) which is a representative example of this type of phenomena. The aquifer hosted in the fractured slab, due to its relatively higher secondary permeability in comparison to the lower clayey units leads to the development of perennial and ephemeral springs at the contact between the two units. The related piping erosion phenomena, together with slope processes in the clayshales have led to the progressive undermining of the slab, eventually predisposing large-scale landslides. Stability analyses were conducted coupling Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and Distinct Element Methods (DEMs). TLS point clouds were analyzed to determine the pre-and post-failure geometry, the extension of the detachment area and the joint network characteristics. The block dimensions in the landslide deposit were mapped and used to infer the spacing of the discontinuities for insertion into the numerical model. Threedimensional distinct element simulations were conducted, with and without undermining of the rock slab. The analyses allowed an assessment of the role of the undermining, together with the presence of an almost vertical joint set, striking sub-parallel to the cliff orientation, on the development of the slope instability processes. Based on the TLS and on the numerical simulation results, an interpretation of the landslide mechanism is proposed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Back Analysis Using 3d Distinct Element Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Back Analysis of the 2014 San Leo Landslide Using Combined Terrestrial Laser Scanning and 3D Distinct Element Modelling

et al. 2015

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“…Figure 12 shows that: (1) the cumulative displacement and displacement rate at the top of IN3 is larger than at the other two inclinometers; whereas (2) the cumulative displacement and rate of the major sliding plane at IN1 is larger than other two inclinometers. These two observations suggest that: the external factor which triggered the DRL was erosion or degeneration of the toe of slope, resulting in translational movement at the toe, and the overall geomechanical movement mode is "creeptranslational sliding" , resulting in additional shearing within the landslide mass above the toe (Stead et al 2006;Zhao et al 2015). This meant that, even though the emergency mitigation at the toe of the landslide did reduce the surficial deformation to some degree, via the reduction in translational movement, the sliding still went on due to shearing.…”

Section: Inclinometer Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability evaluation and prediction of the Dongla reactivated ancient landslide as well as emergency mitigation for the Dongla Bridge

Luo

Bowman

et al. 2017

Landslides

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eprints@whiterose.ac.uk https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version -refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher's website. TakedownIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. Following complete failure of the DRL, the probability of landslide-dam and dam breach is proved to be small by Risk Analyses. This paper can provide an insight into the problems associated with the interaction between the human structures and landslide instabilities.

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“…Where deformation mechanisms can be inferred accurately, the stability of a slope can be analysed directly by a range of numerical methods (e.g. Stead, Eberhardt, & Coggan, 2006). The important role of discontinuities in the physical erosion of a rock mass has been applied in studies of coastal rock platforms and the size of coastal boulders (Stephenson & Naylor, 2011).…”

Section: Strength Of Rockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Strength and Stress in High, Steep Rock Slopes

Smith

2016

JGG

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The strength of rock mass and the stress in a slope are each complex fields of investigation. They are also intimately related as increasing confining stress makes a rock mass stronger and the strength of a rock mass can limit the magnitude of stress. Whereas these interactions are comparatively well understood for soils, principally through the advances of laboratory soil mechanics, the scale of rock masses, principally the presence of discontinuity surfaces, limits the capacity for laboratory investigation. The interaction of strength and stress in rock slopes is most evident in high, steep slopes where stress is typically greater. The slope angle and failure mechanisms occurring in the rock slope can reveal the ways that strength and stress interact to produce the observed morphology. McKay Bluff, near Nelson, South Island, New Zealand, is a high, steep rock slope affected by marine coastal erosion at its base. Finite element modeling illustrates sensitivities in determination of the stress magnitude in the slope. Engineering geology methods demonstrate the difficulty in precise determination of the rock mass strength. The ranges of these parameters are compared to find a compatible range for the interacting factors. The stress in a range of other high, steep slope types is reviewed and the implications for geomorphic analysis are discussed.

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Developments in the characterization of complex rock slope deformation and failure using numerical modelling techniques

Cited by 319 publications

References 28 publications

Back Analysis of the 2014 San Leo Landslide Using Combined Terrestrial Laser Scanning and 3D Distinct Element Modelling

Back Analysis of the 2014 San Leo Landslide Using Combined Terrestrial Laser Scanning and 3D Distinct Element Modelling

Stability evaluation and prediction of the Dongla reactivated ancient landslide as well as emergency mitigation for the Dongla Bridge

Interaction of Strength and Stress in High, Steep Rock Slopes

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