Developments in membranes, catalysts and membrane electrode assemblies for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs)

Manthiram, Arumugam; Zhao, Xinsheng; Li, W.

doi:10.1533/9780857096371.3.312

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…However, the high cost of platinum and its poisoning by strongly adsorbed species coming from the dissociative adsorption of the fuel are a major drawback for the commercialization of DLFCs. A way to reduce platinum poisoning is the addition of a second metal to platinum to promote the oxidation of the adsorbed methanol/formic acid oxidation intermediate species . According to the bifunctional mechanism, Pt can initiate the methanol/formic acid oxidation through adsorption–dehydrogenation steps; in the case of methanol, the second metal or metal oxide can supply the oxygen species, needed to oxidize the adsorbed species and liberate the Pt surface for further fuel adsorption/oxidation .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Atomic Ordering on the Activity for Methanol and Formic Acid Oxidation of Pt‐Based Electrocatalysts

Antolini

2019

Energy Tech

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Recently, the use of intermetallics as catalysts in various chemical transformations, such as hydrogenation/dehydrogenation, oxidation, and steam reforming, as well as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction, and their advantages over random alloys in the same composition have been reported. Herein, the effect of atomic ordering on the activity for methanol and formic acid oxidation of low‐temperature fuel cell platinum‐based electrocatalysts is discussed, by comparing ordered and disordered structures with the same Pt/M (in which M is the first and second row transition metal) atomic ratio (3 and 1).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Atomic Ordering on the Activity for Methanol and Formic Acid Oxidation of Pt‐Based Electrocatalysts

Antolini

2019

Energy Tech

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“…DAFCs are an important alternative power source for many applications, particularly as portable devices. The use of organic liquid fuels has advantageous features including easy and safe handling, storage and transportation, high energy density and low cost [1][2][3][4]. However, despite these advantages, DAFCs are characterized by a significantly lower power density and lower efficiency than the commonly used hydrogen-fuelled polymer electrolyte membranes fuel cells (PEMFCs) because of the slow alcohol oxidation kinetics and alcohol crossover from the anode to the cathode [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Efforts to mitigate the poisoning of Pt have been concentrated on the addition of co-catalysts to the platinum [1][2][3][4]. The addition of a second metal or a metal oxide as a promoter for the oxidation of adsorbed species is a way to solve the problem of Pt poisoning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also Ni oxy/hydroxides (NiO, Ni(OH) 2 and NiOOH) could provide Ni-OH ads to remove CO ads from Pt active sites [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, I f /I b Pt-Ni /I f /I b Pt increases with increasing the alloying degree, attesting a higher poisoning tolerance of alloyed than non-alloyed Pt-Ni catalysts, and confirming the results of Figure 1d. Regarding the effect of non-alloyed Ni, such as NiO, Ni(OH) 2 and NiOOH, on the MOR activity, Antolini et al [48] observed an increase in the DMFC performance with increasing the amounts of non-alloyed Ni in the Pt-Ni/C anode electrocatalysts from 5 to 25 at %, with the current normalized both to the Pt mass and the ECSA, for a Ni composition in the alloy around 7 at %. The effect of non-alloyed Ni content, at a Pt:Ni atomic ratio in the alloy of 4:1, on the ECSA, SA and MA of graphene supported Pt-Ni catalysts was reported by Luo et al [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pt-Ni and Pt-M-Ni (M = Ru, Sn) Anode Catalysts for Low-Temperature Acidic Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells: A Review

Antolini¹

2017

Energies

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Abstract:In view of a possible use as anode materials in acidic direct alcohol fuel cells, the electro-catalytic activity of Pt-Ni and Pt-M-Ni (M = Ru, Sn) catalysts for methanol and ethanol oxidation has been widely investigated. An overview of literature data regarding the effect of the addition of Ni to Pt and Pt-M on the methanol and ethanol oxidation activity in acid environment of the resulting binary and ternary Ni-containing Pt-based catalysts is presented, highlighting the effect of alloyed and non-alloyed nickel on the catalytic activity of these materials.

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Amphiphilic Cobalt Phthalocyanine Boosts Carbon Dioxide Reduction

et al. 2023

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Due to the easy accessibility, chemical stability and structural tunability of macrocyclic skeleton, cobalt phthalocyanines immobilized on carbon supports offer an ideal research model for advanced electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (eCO2RR). Herein, for the first time, an amphiphilic cobalt phthalocyanine (TC‐CoPc) is loaded on multiwalled carbon nanotubes to unveral the roles of hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties on catalytic efficiency. To our surprise, the resultant electrode exhibits FECO of 95% for CO2RR with TOF of 29.4 s−1 at the overpotential of 0.585 V over long‐term electrolysis in H‐type cell. In membrane electrode assembly device (MEA), the boosted transport of water vapor to catalyst layer slows down carbonate crystallization and enhances the stability of the electrode with FECO value of > 99% over 27 hours at −0.25 A, which represents the best selectivity and stability among reported molecular catalysts in MEA devices. The amphiphilic cobalt phthalocyanine, which decreases interfacial charge and mass transfer resistance and maintains effective contact between active sites and the electrolyte, highlights the exceptional CO2 conversion from molecular perspective.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Developments in membranes, catalysts and membrane electrode assemblies for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs)

Cited by 14 publications

References 160 publications

Effect of Atomic Ordering on the Activity for Methanol and Formic Acid Oxidation of Pt‐Based Electrocatalysts

Effect of Atomic Ordering on the Activity for Methanol and Formic Acid Oxidation of Pt‐Based Electrocatalysts

Pt-Ni and Pt-M-Ni (M = Ru, Sn) Anode Catalysts for Low-Temperature Acidic Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells: A Review

Amphiphilic Cobalt Phthalocyanine Boosts Carbon Dioxide Reduction

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