Developments and Clinical Applications of Biomimetic Tissue Regeneration using 3D Bioprinting Technique

Abstract

Tissue engineers have made great strides in the past decade thanks to the advent of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology, which has allowed them to create highly customized biological structures with precise geometric design ability, allowing us to close the gap between manufactured and natural tissues. In this work, we first survey the state-of-the-art methods, cells, and materials for 3D bioprinting. The modern uses of this method in tissue engineering are then briefly discussed. Following this, the main benefits of 3D bioprinting in tissue engineering are outlined in depth, including the ability to rapidly prototype the individualized structure and the ability to engineer with a highly controllable microenvironment. Finally, we offer some predictions for the future of 3D bioprinting in the field of tissue engineering.

Preservation of critical quality attributes of mesenchymal stromal cells in 3D bioprinted structures by using natural hydrogel scaffolds

“…Throughout the bioprinting process, the integrity of living cells can be damaged, decreasing cell viability and altering the biological and structural characteristics of the bioprinted TEP. The most common approaches to bioprint a TEP are: (i) inkjet‐based 3D bioprinting, (ii) stereolithographic‐based 3D bioprinting (SLA), (iii) laser 3D bioprinting, and (iv) extrusion‐based bioprinting (EBB) (Abu Owida, 2022; Jose et al, 2016). EBB is the most convenient and scalable bioprinting technique of TEP.…”

“…Then, the bioprinter extrudes the bioink using air or mechanical pressure to draw the designed tissue. EBB provides several advantages over other techniques such as: (i) allowing the use of bioinks with higher viscosity which are bioprinted as filaments through the needle and can maintain this shape after their deposition (post‐bioprinting), (ii) offers a greater cell coverage and helps maintaining cell viability of TEP, (iii) greater precision, (iv) faster bioprinting speed, and (v) versatility to bioprint a wider range of biomaterials (Abu Owida, 2022). However, the use of highly bioprintable bioinks is associated to low cell viability recovery.…”

Stable hydrogel adhesion to polydimethylsiloxane enables cyclic mechanical stimulation of 3D‐bioprinted smooth muscle constructs

“…Bioprinting involves the layer‐by‐layer deposition of biomaterials (hydrogels) and cells to create 3D constructs that mimic the in vivo tissue structure and heterogeneity (Zhang et al, 2017). Unlike conventional tissue engineering methods, 3D bioprinting not only promotes a more uniform distribution of cells but also a suitable microenvironment for the cells using a hydrogel (Abu Owida, 2022). Tuning the properties of bioprinting hydrogels and their combinations to different needs and cell types is currently a topic of intense research (He et al, 2016; Hölzl et al, 2016; Jin et al, 2022; Pi et al, 2018).…”