Developmental Trends in the Application and Measurement of the Bidirectional Reflection Distribution Function

Zou, Yangyang; Zhang, Liu; Zhang, Jian; Li, Bonan; Lv, Xueying

doi:10.3390/s22051739

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Sunlight [26] and earthshine [27,28] together constitute the illumination conditions of the space target, as shown in Figure 1. As the space target materials are non-Lambertian objects, the light reflected by the surface can generally be divided into a specular reflection component and a diffuse reflection component [29]. Because the specular component of sunlight can cause an image to be overexposed and unusable, in legible images, the spectrometer receives the diffuse component of sunlight on each surface of the target.…”

Section: Complex Illumination Conditions Of the Space Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space Target Material Identification Based on Graph Convolutional Neural Network

Gong

Zhao

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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Under complex illumination conditions, the spectral data distributions of a given material appear inconsistent in the hyperspectral images of the space target, making it difficult to achieve accurate material identification using only spectral features and local spatial features. Aiming at this problem, a material identification method based on an improved graph convolutional neural network is proposed. Superpixel segmentation is conducted on the hyperspectral images to build the multiscale joint topological graph of the space target global structure. Based on this, topological graphs containing the global spatial features and spectral features of each pixel are generated, and the pixel neighborhoods containing the local spatial features and spectral features are collected to form material identification datasets that include both of these. Then, the graph convolutional neural network (GCN) and the three-dimensional convolutional neural network (3-D CNN) are combined into one model using strategies of addition, element-wise multiplication, or concatenation, and the model is trained by the datasets to fuse and learn the three features. For the simulated data and the measured data, the overall accuracy of the proposed method can be kept at 85–90%, and their kappa coefficients remain around 0.8. This proves that the proposed method can improve the material identification performance under complex illumination conditions with high accuracy and strong robustness.

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Section: Complex Illumination Conditions Of the Space Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space Target Material Identification Based on Graph Convolutional Neural Network

Gong

Zhao

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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“…Physically accurate [6,7] BRDFs are more accurate and usually take into account the division of the object's surface into facets. The physically accurate BRDFs include the Cook-Torrance [5,6], Bagher [1], Oren-Nayyar [6,12], coupled Shirley [3,6] models [1,16,19].…”

Section: Literature Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Surface Reflectance Model With the Combination of Two Cubic Functions Usage

Romanyuk,

Zavalniuk,

Pavlov

et al. 2023

IAPGOS

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In the article the model of light reflection based on the combination of two cubic bidirectional reflectance distribution functions is developed. The main components of color and the main requirements for reproducing the object`s glares are analyzed. The usage characteristics of Cook-Torrance, Bagher, Oren-Nayar, coupled Shirley reflection models are described. The advantages and disadvantages of the highly productive Blinn-Phong model are considered. The necessity of approximating the Blinn-Phong model by a function of low degree is justified. The characteristics of the cubic polynomial approximation of the Blinn-Phong model are determined. It was established that the main drawback of this approximation is a significant deviation of the function from the reference function in the glare’s attenuation zone. The combined function that combines two cubic functions is proposed. The first cubic function reproduces the glare’s epicenter, and the second replaces the specified function in the attenuation zone. A system of equations for calculating the coefficients of the second function was created. The formula for the connection point of two cubic functions is obtained. A graph of the developed combined model based on cubic functions is obtained. For the combined and original cubic functions a comparison of the maximum relative errors in the glare’s epicenter zone, the maximum absolute errors, and the relative errors at the inflection point was made. A three-dimensional plot of the absolute error of the combined cubic model from the Blinn-Phong model depending on the shininess and the angle value is built. Visualization results based on the combined and the original cubic functions are compared. It is confirmed that the proposed reflection model increases the realism of glare formation in the attenuation zone. The resulting combined reflection model provides a highly accurate approximation of the Blinn-Phong model and is highly efficient because the third power function is used.

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“…In other words, it describes how the surface reflects light in different directions, considering the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection. The BRDF is a function of four variables: the incident angle, the viewing angle, the wavelength of the light, and the polarization of the light [18][19][20]. BRDF measurements in general provide a complete angular distribution of how light is reflected from the surface in all directions.…”

Section: Brdfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visually Significant Dimensions and Parameters for Gloss

Šarić,

Sole

2023

J. Imaging

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The appearance of a surface depends on four main appearance attributes, namely color, gloss, texture, and translucency. Gloss is an important attribute that people use to understand surface appearance, right after color. In the past decades, extensive research has been conducted in the field of gloss and gloss perception, with different aims to understand the complex nature of gloss appearance. This paper reviews the research conducted on the topic of gloss and gloss perception and discusses the results and potential future research on gloss and gloss perception. Our primary focus in this review is on research in the field of gloss and the setup of associated psychophysical experiments. However, due to the industrial and application-oriented nature of this review, the primary focus is the gloss of dielectric materials, a critical aspect in various industries. This review not only summarizes the existing research but also highlights potential avenues for future research in the pursuit of a more comprehensive understanding of gloss perception.

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Developmental Trends in the Application and Measurement of the Bidirectional Reflection Distribution Function

Cited by 3 publications

References 72 publications

Space Target Material Identification Based on Graph Convolutional Neural Network

Space Target Material Identification Based on Graph Convolutional Neural Network

New Surface Reflectance Model With the Combination of Two Cubic Functions Usage

Visually Significant Dimensions and Parameters for Gloss

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