“…For example, parent psychopathology confounds the measurement of child psychopathology, as it affects parent perceptions of child behaviour, and confers both genetic and environmental risk for the development of psychopathology (e.g., De los Reyes & Kazdin, 2005; Ordway, 2011). However, existing research suggests that parent reports of behaviour can identify coherent temperament domains that originate early in life to influence adjustment (Toumbourou, Williams, Letcher, Sanson, & Smart, 2011), and have validity in long term prediction (Rapee, 2014; Schwartz et al, 1996). Regardless, future studies should incorporate multiple informants, and observational and physiological measures to capture the variables of interest with greater reliability and validity.…”