Developmental toxicity and anti-inflammatory effect of the soft coral Dendronephthya gigantea collected from Jeju Island in zebrafish model

Abstract

Recent in vitro studies have demonstrated that extract of soft coral Dendronephthya gigantea (SCDE) had strong anti-inflammatory activities. However, the direct effects of SCDE on anti-inflammatory activities in vivo model remained to be determined. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of SCDE using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated zebrafish model. We also investigated whether SCDE has toxic effects in zebrafish model. The survival, heart beat rate, and developmental abnormalities were no significant change in the zebrafish embryos exposed to at a concentration below 100 μg/ml of SCDE. However, lethal toxicity was caused after exposure to 200 and 400 μg/ml of SCDE. Treating zebrafish model with LPS treatment significantly increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) generation. However, SCDE inhibited this LPS-stimulated ROS and NO generation in a dose-dependent manner. These results show that SCDE alleviated inflammation by inhibiting the ROS and NO generation induced by LPS treatment. In addition, SCDE has a protective effect against the cell damage induced by LPS exposure in zebrafish embryos. This outcome could explain the profound anti-inflammatory effect of SCDE both in vitro as well as in vivo, suggesting that the SCDE might be a strong anti-inflammatory agent.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of 4-((1R,2R)-3-Hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methoxypropan-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenol Isolated from Juglans mandshurica Maxim. in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Zebrafish Larvae Model

“…Due to the numerous advantages of the zebrafish model, including low husbandry costs, small size, optical transparency, and rapid development, it has been used in various research fields [ 44 , 45 , 46 ]. In previous studies, many researchers have used zebrafish as an animal model to report anti-inflammatory activity that could be analyzed in vivo rapidly and easily [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. Therefore, we examined the inhibitory activity of HHMP on LPS-induced inflammation in zebrafish larvae.…”

Palm Kernel Cake Oligosaccharides Acute Toxicity and Effects on Nitric Oxide Levels Using a Zebrafish Larvae Model

“…Using a diaminoflourescein probe and a fluorescence microscope, the NO levels measured within the zebrafish larvae can be observed and measured as a response to stress and inflammation as demonstrated by Lepiller et al (2007) whereby the NO levels measured from induced injury or LPS stimulated zebrafish larvae were considerably higher than that of the control. This direct method of visualizing and quantifying an inflammatory response within a living vertebrate is fast gaining popularity as a rapid and relatively simple assay and this has subsequently led to several anti-inflammatory studies of natural products ( Lee, 2017 ; Gutierrez et al, 2018 ; Zou et al, 2019 ). Likewise, in this study, the optically transparent zebrafish larvae was utilized to observe the potential anti-inflammatory effects that NDOs have on zebrafish larvae when treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from S. Enteritidis.…”