Developmental Reorganization of the Cognitive Network in Pediatric Epilepsy

Garcia‐Ramos, Camille; Lin, Jack J.; Prabhakaran, Vivek; Hermann, Bruce P.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0141186

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A combination of proportional thresholding with the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) as its backbone was employed as graph thresholding. For example, a hybrid threshold of 25% means the MST (a subset of the whole graph that connects every node just once without making loops and not allowing disconnected nodes) plus 25% of the rest of the strongest correlations from the matrix (see Garcia‐Ramos et al for details). GT measures were obtained from each resampled matrix, and averages were used for analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network analysis of prospective brain development in youth with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes and its relationship to cognition

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is the most common childhood idiopathic localization‐related epilepsy syndrome. BECTS presents normal routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); however, quantitative analytic techniques have captured subtle cortical and subcortical magnetic resonance anomalies. Network science, including graph theory (GT) analyses, facilitates understanding of brain covariance patterns, potentially informing in important ways how this common self‐limiting epilepsy syndrome may impact normal patterns of brain and cognitive development. Methods GT analyses examined the developmental covariance among cortical and subcortical regions in children with new/recent onset BECTS (n = 19) and typically developing healthy controls (n = 22) who underwent high‐resolution MRI and cognitive assessment at baseline and 2 years later. Global (transitivity, global efficiency, and modularity index [Q]) and regional measures (local efficiency and hubs) were investigated to characterize network development in each group. Associations between baseline‐based GT measures and cognition at both time points addressed the implications of GT analyses for cognition and prospective cognitive development. Furthermore, an individual contribution measure was investigated, reflecting how important for cognition it is for BECTS to resemble the correlation matrices of controls. Results Groups exhibited similar Q and overall network configuration, with BECTS presenting significantly higher transitivity and both global and local efficiency. Furthermore, both groups presented a similar number of hubs, with BECTS showing a higher number in temporal lobe regions compared to controls. The investigated measures were negatively associated with 2‐year cognitive outcomes in BECTS. Significance Children with BECTS present a higher‐than‐normal global developmental configuration compared to controls, along with divergence from normality in terms of regional configuration. Baseline GT measures demonstrate potential as a cognitive biomarker to predict cognitive outcome in BECTS 2 years after diagnosis. Similarities and differences in developmental network configurations and their implications for cognition and behavior across common epilepsy syndromes are of theoretical interest and clinical relevance.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network analysis of prospective brain development in youth with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes and its relationship to cognition

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The matrices were calculated based on the partial correlations between node volumes controlling for intracranial volume (ICV). Subsequently, both global and local measures were calculated at a density using a combination of proportional thresholding and minimum spanning tree (MST, see Garcia-Ramos et al, 2015, for further details regarding thresholding methodology). In short, the thresholding method used a combination of the minimum spanning tree (MST) of the graph plus a proportional threshold of the density of interest.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain structure and organization five decades after childhood onset epilepsy

Garcia‐Ramos¹,

Bobholz²,

Dabbs³

et al. 2017

Human Brain Mapping

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this project was to characterize brain structure and organization in persons with active and remitted childhood onset epilepsy 50 years after diagnosis compared to healthy controls. Participants from a population-based investigation of uncomplicated childhood onset epilepsy were followed up 5 decades later. Forty-one participants had a history of childhood onset epilepsy (mean age of onset= 5.2 yrs, current chronological age= 56.0 yrs) and were compared to 48 population-based controls (mean age= 55.9 yrs). Of the epilepsy participants, 8 had persisting active epilepsy and in 33 the epilepsy had remitted. All participants underwent 3T MRI with subsequent vertex analysis of cortical volume, thickness, surface area and gyral complexity. In addition, cortical and subcortical volumes, including regions of the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes, and subcortical structures including amygdala, thalamus, and hippocampus, were analyzed using graph theory techniques. There were modest group differences in traditional vertex-based analyses of cortical volume, thickness, surface area and gyral index, as well as across volumes of subcortical structures, after correction for multiple comparisons. Graph theory analyses revealed suboptimal topological structural organization with enhanced network segregation and reduced global integration in the epilepsy participants compared to controls, these patterns significantly more extreme in the active epilepsy group. Furthermore, both groups with epilepsy presented a greater number of higher Z-score regions in betweenness centrality (BC) than lower Z-score regions compared to controls. Also, contrary to the group with remitted epilepsy, patients with active epilepsy presented most of their high BC Z-score regions in subcortical areas including the amygdala, thalamus, hippocampus, pallidum and accumbens. Overall, this population-based investigation of long term outcome (5 decades) of childhood onset epilepsy reveals persisting abnormalities, especially when examined by graph theoretical measurements, and provides new insights into the very long term outcomes of active and remitted epilepsy.

show abstract

“…They described different syndromic entities based on the structural alterations and cognitive deficit-type. Garcia-Ramos et al ( 209 ) studied the cognitive abilities, cortical thickness and subcortical volumes of 8–15-year-old IFCE patients with CTS. Children with 2 years persistent CTS and cognitive deficits had thinner or thicker cortical regions and larger putamen of on both sides compared with healthy controls.…”

Section: Idiopathic Focal Childhood Epilepsies (Ifce) and Their Transmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep and Epilepsy Link by Plasticity

Halász

Szücs

2020

Front. Neurol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We aimed to explore the link between NREM sleep and epilepsy. Based on human and experimental data we propose that a sleep-related epileptic transformation of normal neurological networks underlies epileptogenesis. Major childhood epilepsies as medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), absence epilepsy (AE) and human perisylvian network (PN) epilepsies - made us good models to study. These conditions come from an epileptic transformation of the affected functional systems. This approach allows a system-based taxonomy instead of the outworn generalized-focal classification. MTLE links to the memory-system, where epileptic transformation results in a switch of normal sharp wave-ripples to epileptic spikes and pathological high frequency oscillations, compromising sleep-related memory consolidation. Absence epilepsy (AE) and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) belong to the corticothalamic system. The burst-firing mode of NREM sleep normally producing sleep-spindles turns to an epileptic working mode ejecting bilateral synchronous spike-waves. There seems to be a progressive transition from AE to JME. Shared absences and similar bilateral synchronous discharges show the belonging of the two conditions, while the continuous age windows - AE affecting schoolchildren, JME the adolescents - and the increased excitability in JME compared to AE supports the notion of progression. In perisylvian network epilepsies - idiopathic focal childhood epilepsies and electrical status epilepticus in sleep including Landau-Kleffner syndrome - centrotemporal spikes turn epileptic, with the potential to cause cognitive impairment. Postinjury epilepsies modeled by the isolated cortex model highlight the shared way of epileptogenesis suggesting the derailment of NREM sleep-related homeostatic plasticity as a common step. NREM sleep provides templates for plasticity derailing to epileptic variants under proper conditions. This sleep-origin explains epileptiform discharges' link and similarity with NREM sleep slow oscillations, spindles and ripples. Normal synaptic plasticity erroneously overgrowing homeostatic processes may derail toward an epileptic working-mode manifesting the involved system's features. The impact of NREM sleep is unclear in epileptogenesis occurring in adolescence and adulthood, when plasticity is lower. The epileptic process interferes with homeostatic synaptic plasticity and may cause cognitive impairment. Its type and degree depends on the affected network's function. We hypothesize a vicious circle between sleep end epilepsy. The epileptic derailment of normal plasticity interferes with sleep cognitive functions. Sleep and epilepsy interconnect by the pathology of plasticity.

show abstract

Developmental Reorganization of the Cognitive Network in Pediatric Epilepsy

Cited by 26 publications

References 34 publications

Network analysis of prospective brain development in youth with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes and its relationship to cognition

Network analysis of prospective brain development in youth with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes and its relationship to cognition

Brain structure and organization five decades after childhood onset epilepsy

Sleep and Epilepsy Link by Plasticity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About