Developmental pruning of early-stage myelin segments during CNS myelination in vivo

Liu, Peng; Du, Jiulin; He, Cheng

doi:10.1038/cr.2013.62

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(12 reference statements)

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Section: Da Lyons and Ws Talbotmentioning

confidence: 42%

“…Despite these genetic analyses, a morpholino study suggested that knockdown of either erbb2 or erbb3 interfered with an active process of myelin sheath pruning by OLs, so that individual OLs have more sheaths per cell on average (Liu et al 2013). However, the morpholino-based knockdown of erbb caused animals to have fewer OLs, which was not observed in previous analyses of fish or mice erbb mutants (Lyons et al 2005;Brinkmann et al 2008;Liu et al 2013). Interestingly, in vitro studies have shown that, under normal conditions, the density of OLs inversely correlates with myelin sheath number per cell (Rosenberg et al 2008), suggesting that the "pruning" phenotype may be a secondary consequence of a delay in development and reduced OL number in morpholino-treated animals.…”

Section: Da Lyons and Ws Talbotmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glial Cell Development and Function in Zebrafish

Lyons

Talbot

2014

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

120

100

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The zebrafish is a premier vertebrate model system that offers many experimental advantages for in vivo imaging and genetic studies. This review provides an overview of glial cell types in the central and peripheral nervous system of zebrafish. We highlight some recent work that exploited the strengths of the zebrafish system to increase the understanding of the role of Gpr126 in Schwann cell myelination and illuminate the mechanisms controlling oligodendrocyte development and myelination. We also summarize similarities and differences between zebrafish radial glia and mammalian astrocytes and consider the possibility that their distinct characteristics may represent extremes in a continuum of cell identity. Finally, we focus on the emergence of zebrafish as a model for elucidating the development and function of microglia. These recent studies have highlighted the power of the zebrafish system for analyzing important aspects of glial development and function.

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Section: Da Lyons and Ws Talbotmentioning

confidence: 42%

Section: Da Lyons and Ws Talbotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glial Cell Development and Function in Zebrafish

Lyons

Talbot

2014

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

120

100

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“…One possible mechanism to regulate which axons are myelinated and which are not would be to generate nascent myelin sheaths around numerous axons indiscriminately and later prune away the sheaths made on the incorrect axons. However, about 75% of all nascent myelin sheaths made by a single OL were maintained long term and about 25% retracted within two days, even at a time point when most axons (>90%) in the embryonic zebrafish spinal cord remain unmyelinated (Czopka et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2013). This indicates that OLs are accurate when ensheathing axons, rather than doing so in a purely stochastic manner.…”

Section: At the Onset Of Myelination: Rapid Transition Of Opc To Olmentioning

confidence: 92%

On the resemblance of synapse formation and CNS myelination

Almeida

Lyons

2014

Neuroscience

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“…Thus, while the speed of myelination can be increased, once a cell has formed its full complement of nodes, it does not produce any additional myelinating processes. Czopka et al (2013) also noted that myelinating processes were sometimes retracted, a process termed "myelin pruning" by Liu et al (2013), who observed that 28% of early myelinating processes were lost between 2 and 7 dpf, and that this pruning is dependent on erbB signaling. Furthermore, pruning is correlated to axon diameter, with smaller axons more likely to lose nascent myelin nodes than larger axons.…”

Section: Live Imaging Studies Have Yielded Novel Insights Into Cellulmentioning

confidence: 98%

Zebrafish as a model to investigate CNS myelination

Preston

Macklin

2014

Glia

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Myelin plays a critical role in proper neuronal function by providing trophic and metabolic support to axons and facilitating energy-efficient saltatory conduction. Myelination is influenced by numerous molecules including growth factors, hormones, transmembrane receptors and extracellular molecules, which activate signaling cascades that drive cellular maturation. Key signaling molecules and downstream signaling cascades controlling myelination have been identified in cell culture systems. However, in vitro systems are not able to faithfully replicate the complex in vivo signaling environment that occurs during development or following injury. Currently, it remains time-consuming and expensive to investigate myelination in vivo in rodents, the most widely used model for studying mammalian myelination. As such, there is a need for alternative in vivo myelination models, particularly ones that can test molecular mechanisms without removing oligodendrocyte lineage cells from their native signaling environment or disrupting intercellular interactions with other cell types present during myelination. Here, we review the ever-increasing role of zebrafish in studies uncovering novel mechanisms controlling vertebrate myelination. These innovative studies range from observations of the behavior of single cells during in vivo myelination as well as mutagenesis- and pharmacology-based screens in whole animals. Additionally, we discuss recent efforts to develop novel models of demyelination and oligodendrocyte cell death in adult zebrafish for the study of cellular behavior in real time during repair and regeneration of damaged nervous systems.

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Developmental pruning of early-stage myelin segments during CNS myelination in vivo

Cited by 33 publications

References 10 publications

Glial Cell Development and Function in Zebrafish

Glial Cell Development and Function in Zebrafish

On the resemblance of synapse formation and CNS myelination

Zebrafish as a model to investigate CNS myelination

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