Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity

Abstract

People with this predominant experience are "in denial" about cultural difference -they are unable to experience differences in other than extremely simple ways. They may be perplexed when asked about their own culture, because they have not considered how culture impacts their own or others' lives. They might ask well-meant but naive questions about other cultures ("do they have television in Japan?") and make superficial statements of tolerance ("live and let live"). In some cases, people with this orientation may dehumanize others, assuming that different behavior is a deficiency in intelligence or personality.Denial/Disinterest: Isolation in homogeneous groups fails to generate either the opportunity or the motivation to construct relevant categories for noticing and interpreting cultural difference.Denial/Avoidance: Intentional separation from cultural difference protects worldview from change by creating the conditions of isolation. Some awareness of cultural difference may yield undifferentiated broad categories, such as "foreigner" or "Asian" or "people of color."Perceptual process: Failure to differentiate "culture" as a category, thus an inability to perceive or construe data from differing cultural contexts. Exercise Of Power: Possibility of exploitation At This Stage, Learners Say:• "Live and let live, that's what I say."• "All big cities are the same-lots of buildings, too many cars, McDonalds."• "As long as we all speak the same language, there's no problem."• "The main concerns I have involve knowing how to get around and ordering in restaurants." • "With my experience, I can be successful in any culture without any special effort -I never experience culture shock." • "All I need to know about is politics and history-I can figure out the rest of it as I go along."

Cultural adaptation in different facets of life and the impact of language: a case study of personal adjustment patterns during study abroad

“…The literature in this field has therefore focussed on the concept of culture shock (Ward, Bochner, & Furnham, 2001), as well as on the identification of variables that affect it, including social support (Adelman, 1988) and personality factors (e.g., Ward & Kennedy, 1992). The "cultural learning" framework assumes that intercultural challenges are caused by an individual's inadequate skills for dealing with unfamiliar social demands, and sees adaptation as a process of gradually learning to function in a different culture (Bennett, 1993;Bochner, 1986;Gardner, 1952;Hammer, Gudykunst, & Wiseman, 1978). This learning is affected by internal and external factors including, among others, culture-specific knowledge about the new environment (Ward & Searle, 1991), language skills (Furnham, 1993) length and type of residence abroad (Ward, Okura, Kennedy, & Kojima, 1998) and social networks and friendships (Bochner, McLeod, & Lin, 1977).…”

Intercultural Business Management Development and Education Programs in Business Schools

“…For contacts and inter relationships between cultures to be more effective are required recognition of cultural differences under the conditions of having an intercultural mentality, intercultural sensitivity and intercultural skills (Hammer, Bennett, & Wiseman 2003: Bennett, 2001ª, 2001b, 2001cBennett, 1993).…”

Интеркултурална Осјетљивост Ученика Основне Школе

“…У литератури постоји већи број раз-војних модела односа према култур-ним разликама. Развојни модели који концептуализују процес развоја ин-теркултуралне осјетљивости, однос-но сродне концепте расног и етнич-ког идентитета су: модел културе као леденог бријега, Хелмсова теорија расног идентитета, Бенксова типоло-гија етничког идентитета, бихејвио-ралне компоненте културе Едварда и Милдред Хол, Хофстедов модел кул-турних димензија и Бенетов развој-ни модел интеркултуралне осјетљи-вости (Banks, 2006;Bennett, 1993;Gillert, Haji-Kella, Guedes, Raykova, Schachinger & Taylor, 2005;Helms, 1993). Ови модели нам омогућују боље разумијевање развоја културног идентитета људи, али и развоја интер-културалне осјетљивости.…”