Developmental continuity in the processes that underlie spatial recall

Spencer, John P.; Hund, Alycia M.

doi:10.1016/s0010-0285(03)00099-9

Cited by 67 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This sinusoidal pattern is consistent with both the DFT and CA models and suggests that draw responses for both ages are driven by the same underlying process (see also Spencer & Hund, 2003). By contrast, choice responses did not consistently follow this pattern.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Recent evidence has suggested that two types of spatial recall biases-A-not-B-type biases and geometric biasesde velop via continuous changes in process over development (Schutte, 2004;Schutte et al, 2003;Spencer & Hund, 2003). For instance.…”

Section: Developmental Changes In Spatial Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After a short delay, memory for an item in, for instance, the left category is weighted with the left prototype producing an error in this direction.. Although the CA model effectively captures the pattern of bias seen in spatial recall tasks, it does not specify the time-dependent processes that underlie the increase in geometric bias over delays (see Schutte & Spencer, 2002;Spencer & Hund, 2003;Werner & Diedrichsen, 2002). The DFT captures these processes by using a neurally plausible network model that specifi es how location-related activation is maintained in SWM during short-term delays (Spencer, Lipinski, & Samuelson, in press;.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Toward a formal theory of flexible spatial behavior: Geometric category biases generalize across pointing and verbal response types.

Spencer¹,

Simmering²,

Schutte³

2006

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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Three experiments tested whether geometric biases-biases away from perceived reference axesreported in spatial recall tasks with pointing responses generalized to a recognition task that required a verbal response. Seven-year-olds and adults remembered the location of a dot within a rectangle and then either reproduced its location or verbally selected a matching choice dot from a set of colored options. Results demonstrated that geometric biases generalized to verbal responses; however, the spatial span of the choice set influenced performance as well. These data suggest that the same spatial memory process gives rise to both response types in this task. Simulations of a dynamic field model buttress this claim. More generally, these results challenge accounts that posit separate spatial systems for motor and verbal responses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Developmental Changes In Spatial Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward a formal theory of flexible spatial behavior: Geometric category biases generalize across pointing and verbal response types.

Spencer¹,

Simmering²,

Schutte³

2006

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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“…We have previously captured behavioral changes across tasks and development within the dynamic field framework using a relatively simple developmental hypothesis-the spatial precision hypothesis (SPH, Schutte, Spencer & Schöner, 2003;Simmering & Spencer, 2007;Spencer & Hund, 2003;Spencer, et al, 2007). The SPH posits that neural interactions become stronger and more precise over development.…”

Section: Development In the Dftmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concretely, developmental changes in infants' performance in the Piagetian A-not-B task has been used as a measure of the developing object concept (Piaget, 1954), improvements in infants' representation of space (e.g., Acredolo, 1985;Bremner, 1978;Bremner & Bryant, 1977), maturational changes in pre-frontal cortex (e.g., Diamond, 1990a;Diamond, 1990b;Diamond & Goldman-Rakic, 1989), and improvements in infants' memory for objects (e.g., Munakata, 1998;Munakata, McClelland, Johnson & Siegler, 1997), among others. By contrast, performance in the two spatial recall tasks we simulate has been linked to how children use long-term spatial memories and geometric spatial categories to remember locations (e.g., Huttenlocher, Newcombe & Sandberg, 1994;Schutte & Spencer, 2002;Spencer & Hund, 2003). Finally, the position discrimination task we simulate has typically been viewed from a psychophysical perspective (Kinchla, 1971;Palmer, 1986a;Palmer, 1986b) and has only recently been directly linked to phenomena discussed in the spatial recall literature (Simmering, Spencer & Schöner, 2006;see also, Werner & Diedrichsen, 2002).…”

Section: Development In the Dftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalizing the dynamic field theory of spatial cognition across real and developmental time scales

Simmering¹,

Schutte²,

Spencer³

2008

Brain Research

115

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Within cognitive neuroscience, computational models are designed to provide insights into the organization of behavior while adhering to neural principles. These models should provide sufficient specificity to generate novel predictions while maintaining the generality needed to capture behavior across tasks and/or time scales. This paper presents one such model, the Dynamic Field Theory (DFT) of spatial cognition, showing new simulations that provide a demonstration proof that the theory generalizes across developmental changes in performance in four tasks-the Piagetian A-not-B task, a sandbox version of the A-not-B task, a canonical spatial recall task, and a position discrimination task. Model simulations demonstrate that the DFT can accomplish both specificity-generating novel, testable predictions-and generality-spanning multiple tasks across development with a relatively simple developmental hypothesis. Critically, the DFT achieves generality across tasks and time scales with no modification to its basic structure and with a strong commitment to neural principles. The only change necessary to capture development in the model was an increase in the precision of the tuning of receptive fields as well as an increase in the precision of local excitatory interactions among neurons in the model. These small quantitative changes were sufficient to move the model through a set of quantitative and qualitative behavioral changes that span the age range from 8 months to 6 years and into adulthood. We conclude by considering how the DFT is positioned in the literature, the challenges on the horizon for our framework, and how a dynamic field approach can yield new insights into development from a computational cognitive neuroscience perspective.

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Development of Spatial Cognition

Newcombe

Huttenlocher

2007

Handbook of Child Psychology

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Developmental continuity in the processes that underlie spatial recall

Cited by 67 publications

References 60 publications

Toward a formal theory of flexible spatial behavior: Geometric category biases generalize across pointing and verbal response types.

Toward a formal theory of flexible spatial behavior: Geometric category biases generalize across pointing and verbal response types.

Generalizing the dynamic field theory of spatial cognition across real and developmental time scales

Development of Spatial Cognition

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