Developmental changes in insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and -II mRNA abundance in extra-embryonic membranes and small intestine of avian embryos

Karcher, Darrin M.; Fleming-Waddell, Jolena N.; Applegate, T. J.

doi:10.1016/j.ghir.2008.05.003

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Since intestinal segments can be identified by E14.5, embryonic intestinal tracts (n = 5–8) from E14.5, E15.5, E16.5, E18.5, and E21.5 of incubation and post-hatch chickens (d 1, 3 and 7) were dissected as discussed previously [31]. Intestinal regions include: duodenum (from the ventriculus to the end of the pancreatic loop), jejunum (from the duodenum to the yolk sac), and ileum (from the jejunum to the ileal-cecal junction).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cloning, Annotation and Developmental Expression of the Chicken Intestinal MUC2 Gene

2013

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Intestinal mucin 2 (MUC2) encodes a heavily glycosylated, gel-forming mucin, which creates an important protective mucosal layer along the gastrointestinal tract in humans and other species. This first line of defense guards against attacks from microorganisms and is integral to the innate immune system. As a first step towards characterizing the innate immune response of MUC2 in different species, we report the cloning of a full-length, 11,359 bp chicken MUC2 cDNA, and describe the genomic organization and functional annotation of this complex, 74.5 kb locus. MUC2 contains 64 exons and demonstrates distinct spatiotemporal expression profiles throughout development in the gastrointestinal tract; expression increases with gestational age and from anterior to posterior along the gut. The chicken protein has a similar domain organization as the human orthologue, with a signal peptide and several von Willebrand domains in the N-terminus and the characteristic cystine knot at the C-terminus. The PTS domain of the chicken MUC2 protein spans ∼1600 amino acids and is interspersed with four CysD motifs. However, the PTS domain in the chicken diverges significantly from the human orthologue; although the chicken domain is shorter, the repetitive unit is 69 amino acids in length, which is three times longer than the human. The amino acid composition shows very little similarity to the human motif, which potentially contributes to differences in the innate immune response between species, as glycosylation across this rapidly evolving domain provides much of the musical barrier. Future studies of the function of MUC2 in the innate immune response system in chicken could provide an important model organism to increase our understanding of the biological significance of MUC2 in host defense and highlight the potential of the chicken for creating new immune-based therapies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Standards were used to calculate a linear regression model for threshold cycle (Ct) relative to transcript abundance in each sample. The log value of MUC2 transcript starting abundance was calculated from the Ct values corrected by a factor calculated from 18S RNA as previously described [31].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning, Annotation and Developmental Expression of the Chicken Intestinal MUC2 Gene

2013

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“…During early development, highly significant breed and age specificity were observed with respect to the developmental changes in body and liver weight, and the body and tissue weight gain of the Gaoyou ducks was significantly higher than that of the Jinding ducks during embryonic development. It has been suggested that different genetic backgrounds may lead to the different growth rates in different species (Karcher et al, 2005;Karcher et al, 2009) and breeds (Zhao et al, 2001;Ge et al, 2000).…”

Section: Species-wide Effects and Breed Differences In Body And Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiles of mRNA expression of related genes in the duck hypothalamus–pituitary growth axis during embryonic and early post-hatch development

Liu

Song

et al. 2015

Gene

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“…High expression of myostatin is found in the chicken intestine between days 9 and 18 of embryonic development suggesting a role in smooth muscle development (Sundaresan et al, 2008). Both insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-II are expressed in the small intestine with higher expression in the jejunum, and ileum than duodenum in the newly hatched chicken (Karcher et al, 2009). There is evidence for the involvement of the RNA-binding protein, Musashi-1 (Msi-1) in gastro-intestinal development, particularly epithelial differentiation (Asai et al, 2005).…”

Section: Small Intestinementioning

confidence: 99%

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Scanes

Pierzchała-Koziec

2014

Avian Biology Research

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This review provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) of poultry, particularly of the domesticated chicken. The structure and functioning of the major regions of the GIT are discussed bringing together recent studies with the older, often neglected, literature. Attention is focused on the GIT as an immune organ and on GIT fermentation/bacterial colonisation. In addition, the interactions of nutrition with GIT biology are discussed. The roles of neuropeptides and hormones on the development and functioning of the GIT are extensively reviewed.

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Developmental changes in insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and -II mRNA abundance in extra-embryonic membranes and small intestine of avian embryos

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Cloning, Annotation and Developmental Expression of the Chicken Intestinal MUC2 Gene

Cloning, Annotation and Developmental Expression of the Chicken Intestinal MUC2 Gene

Profiles of mRNA expression of related genes in the duck hypothalamus–pituitary growth axis during embryonic and early post-hatch development

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

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