Developmental Biology of Uterine Glands1

Gray, C. E.; Bartol, Frank F.; Tarleton, Becky J.; Wiley, Anne A.; Johnson, Greg A.; Bazer, Fuller W.; Spencer, Thomas E.

doi:10.1095/biolreprod65.5.1311

Cited by 427 publications

(403 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Histotroph is particularly important during the early stages of pregnancy , before hematotrophic nutrition is established. Hematotrophic nutrition relies on the exchange of nutrients and gases between vasculature of the maternal uterus and placenta of the conceptus (Gray et al, 2001). The relative contribution of histotrophic and hematotrophic nutrition to conceptus development during the late stages of pregnancy is not established.…”

Section: General Description Of Foetal and Placental Growth During Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Litter-size-dependent intrauterine growth restriction in sheep

Gootwine

Spencer

Bazer

2007

Animal

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Regulation of foetal development in sheep depends on interactions between the intrinsic capacity of the foetus for growth and the maternal environment. Lambs born in multi-foetus litters have relatively small placentae with fewer cotelydons, and lower birth weights. Litter-size-dependent intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is evident at mid gestation when metabolic needs of the conceptus are moderate, and overnutrition of ewes with multiple foetuses does not promote growth of their foetuses to the size of singletons. Those observations suggest that placental and conceptus growth in multi-foetus pregnancies is reprogrammed at mid gestation by an as yet undefined mechanism to attenuate foetal growth. This may protect the foetus from severe nutritional insult during late gestation, when its daily growth rate is at a maximum. In that way, lambs born in large litters with relatively lower birth weights may not experience the long-term physiological insults that can be observed in small lambs born to undernourished ewes.

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Section: General Description Of Foetal and Placental Growth During Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Litter-size-dependent intrauterine growth restriction in sheep

Gootwine

Spencer

Bazer

2007

Animal

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“…In the endometrium of ruminants, the intercaruncular zones synthesize and secrete numerous substances including cytokines, growth factors and hormones -collectively termed histotroph -whereas the aglandular caruncles represent the sites of superficial placentation. These regions are both essential for conceptus survival, development and implantation (Gray et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) genes are expressed in the endometrium and regulated by conceptus signals during early pregnancy in the ewe

Sandra

Bataillon²,

Roux³

et al. 2005

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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It is established that the conceptus-endometrium dialogue involves cytokines, growth factors and hormones. Given the crucial functions of the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family proteins in cytokine signalling, we analyzed the expression and the regulation of CIS and SOCSs 1-3 transcripts during early pregnancy in the ovine endometrium. An overall stimulation of the SOCS transcripts was described in the pregnant ewes with two specific patterns. Unilaterally pregnant ewes confirmed the conceptus-produced factors as regulators of the SOCSs 1-3 expression at day 16 of pregnancy. Intrauterine injection of recombinant ovine interferon (IFN ) in cyclic ewes stimulated the expression of the SOCS mRNA with various potencies, therefore suggesting that the SOCS could take part in the negative regulation of the IFN signalling pathway.

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“…Uterine gland knockout ewes do not form glands, nor do they cycle. These ewes are infertile (3,5), suggesting that uterine glands are required for conceptus survival and development. Adenogenesis is associated with several signaling pathways and their development and maturation has been linked with growth factors, Wnt signaling, and homeobox signaling pathways (6,7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hunting for Fox(A2): Dual roles in female fertility

Cha

Dey

2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Pregnancy encompasses a complex orchestration of several sequential steps across tissue and cell types in the mother and fetus for embryo development and delivery of offspring at an opportune time for survival. These steps include embryo implantation, stromal cell proliferation and differentiation (decidualization), placentation, and ultimately parturition with delivery of offspring (1, 2). The outcome of each stage depends on the success of the preceding stages. Most pregnancy events in mice and other mammals are primarily regulated by ovarian estrogen and progesterone (2), yet the molecular discourse between the reproductive system and the embryo that guides pregnancy events is a prevailing mystery. The uterus is primarily comprised of two compartments: the outermost muscle layer (myometrium) and the underlying endometrium. The endometrium is composed of the stroma, the epithelium, and glands. These glands have been seen throughout pregnancy and are acknowledged as essential for implantation and pregnancy success (3), yet their formation and particular genetic and molecular contributions during distinct stages of pregnancy have not been fully appreciated. In PNAS, Kelleher et al. (4) show that Forkhead box a2 (FOXA2), a transcription factor expressed in neonatal and adult mouse uteri, plays dual, stage-specific roles in maternal tissues during pregnancy (Fig. 1).The development of glands (adenogenesis) begins in the postnatal uterus, and their maturation and differentiation is under endocrine control during adulthood. Gland formation and secretions during pregnancy are essential for successful reproduction in mammals. Uterine gland knockout ewes do not form glands, nor do they cycle. These ewes are infertile (3, 5), suggesting that uterine glands are required for conceptus survival and development. Adenogenesis is associated with several signaling pathways and their development and maturation has been linked with growth factors, Wnt signaling, and homeobox signaling pathways (6, 7).FoxA2 is a homeobox transcription factor required during embryogenesis and plays multiple critical roles in gastrulation, neural tube patterning, and gastrointestinal development (8, 9). FoxA2 is also expressed in glands in the pregnant mouse uterus, suggesting its role in pregnancy (10). Because systemic deletion of FoxA2 results in embryonic lethality, its role was evaluated during pregnancy by transgenic mice with FoxA2 conditionally ablated in the mouse uterus (10, 11). These mice had significantly reduced fertility with smaller litter sizes as a result of disrupted embryo implantation. Blastocysts in mutant females could attach to the uterine luminal epithelium (LE) with appropriate expression of uterine receptivity marker genes. However, the embryo could not penetrate the LE for implantation or initiate stromal cell decidual responses in most of the females studied. The number of endometrial glands was severely reduced in FoxA2 mutant mice, precluding the secretion of leukemia inhibitory factor (Lif) expression, a critical fac...

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Developmental Biology of Uterine Glands1

Cited by 427 publications

References 118 publications

Litter-size-dependent intrauterine growth restriction in sheep

Litter-size-dependent intrauterine growth restriction in sheep

Suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) genes are expressed in the endometrium and regulated by conceptus signals during early pregnancy in the ewe

Hunting for Fox(A2): Dual roles in female fertility

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