Developmental abilities of children exposed to polybrominated biphenyls (PBB).

Seagull, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.2105/ajph.73.3.281

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The determination of whether the results for a particular milk sample are in control is generally based on other factors relevant to the type of analyses. For example, for GC/MS methods, these quality control factors may include the retention times of the analytes and the internal standard; the degree of resolution of the analyte from other analytes or contaminants; the percent recovery of the internal standard; and, particularly if halogenated (chlorinated or brominated) compounds are being measured, the ion ratios of the halogen atoms (e.g., if the analyte contains one chlorine, the contribution of 37 Cl should be about one-third that of 35 Cl). If compounds not containing halogen atoms are being measured, certain ion(s) can be used for quantification and another for confirmation in much the same manner.…”

Section: Data Analysis and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytic considerations for measuring environmental chemicals in breast milk.

Needham

Wang

2002

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The presence of environmental chemicals in human breast milk is of general concern because of the potential health consequence of these chemicals to the breast-fed infant and the mother. In addition to the mother's exposure, several features determine the presence of environmental chemicals in breast milk and their ability to be determined analytically. These include maternal factors and properties of the environmental chemical--both physical and chemical--such as its lipid solubility, degree of ionization, and molecular weight. Environmental chemicals with high lipid solubility are likely to be found in breast milk; they include polyhalogenated compounds such as polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, organochlorine insecticides, and polybrominated diphenylethers. These fat-soluble chemicals are incorporated into the milk as it is synthesized, and they must be measured in accordance with the fat content of the milk to allow for meaningful comparisons within an individual and among populations. Although the analytic approach selected to measure the environmental chemical is predominantly determined by the characteristics of the chemical, the concentration of the chemical in the milk sample and the existence of structurally similar chemicals (e.g., congeners) must be considered as well. In general, the analytic approach for measuring environmental chemicals in breast milk is similar to the approach for measuring the same chemicals in other matrices, except special considerations must be given for the relatively high fat content of milk. The continued efforts of environmental scientists to measure environmental chemicals in breast milk is important for defining the true contribution of these chemicals to public health, especially to the health of the newborn. Work is needed for identifying and quantifying additional environmental chemicals in breast milk from the general population and for developing analytic methods that have increased sensitivity and the ability to speciate various chemicals.

show abstract

Section: Data Analysis and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytic considerations for measuring environmental chemicals in breast milk.

Needham

Wang

2002

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These halogenated organic compounds are supplemental agents in a variety of consumer products, including electronic appliances, automotive parts, furniture, textiles, and plastic foams, intended to reduce fire-related injuries and property damage (Birnbaum and Staskal, 2004). Although these compounds have been recognized for their utility, the possible consequences for human health have been described in the scientific literature Landrigan et al, 1979;Meester, 1979;Rosenman et al, 1979;Silva et al, 1979;Stross et al, 1979;Valciukas et al, 1979;Wolff et al, 1979a;Wolff et al, 1979b;Bahn et al, 1980;Weil et al, 1981;Chanda et al, 1982;Kreiss et al, 1982;Eyster et al, 1983;Seagull, 1983;Jacobson et al, 1984;Lipson, 1987;Hoque et al, 1998;Blanck et al, 2000a;Blanck et al, 2000b;Sweeney et al, 2001;Blanck et al, 2002;Birnbaum and Staskal, 2004). Moreover, production of these compounds has increased dramatically over the last 20 years, and there is an increasing prevalence of exposure to brominated flame retardants worldwide (Birnbaum and Staskal, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal exposure to polybrominated and polychlorinated biphenyls: Infant birth weight and gestational age

Givens¹,

Small²,

Terrell³

et al. 2007

Chemosphere

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding the influence of maternal exposures on gestational age and birth weight is essential given that pre-term and/or low birth weight infants are at risk for increased mortality and morbidity. We performed a retrospective analysis of a cohort exposed to polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) through accidental contamination of cattle feed and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) through residual contamination in the geographic region. Our study population consisted of 444 mothers and their 899 infants born between 1975 and 1997. Using restricted maximum likelihood estimation, no significant association was found between estimated maternal serum PBB at conception or enrollment PCB levels and gestational age or infant birth weight in unadjusted models or in models that adjusted for maternal age, smoking, parity, infant gender, and decade of birth. For enrollment maternal serum PBB, no association was observed for gestational age. However, a negative association with high levels of enrollment maternal serum PBB and birth weight was suggested. We also examined the birth weight and gestational age among offspring of women with the highest (10%) PBB or PCB exposure, and observed no significant association. Because brominated compounds are currently used in consumer products and therefore, are increasingly prevalent in the environment, additional research is needed to better understand the potential relationship between in utero exposure to brominated compounds and adverse health outcomes.

show abstract

“…Furthermore, the duration of breast feeding was longer among the controls (mean, 29.6 weeks) than among the PBB-exposed women (14.8 weeks). Some preliminary results suggest the existence of an inverse relationship between body levels of PBBs and some developmental effects in 2-to 4-year-old children (54 …”

Section: Dieldrin Aldrin and Endrinmentioning

confidence: 96%

Chemical Contaminants in Human Milk: An Overview

Sonawane¹

1995

Environmental Health Perspectives

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review contains a succinct overview of the nature and extent of the problem of contamination of human milk with environmental and occupational chemicals, excluding drugs. Factors influencing the levels of contaminants in breast milk are discussed. Also, data on major chemicals of concern with potential health risk(s) to the general population and risk-benefit considerations are dealt with briefly. Based on the available data on the subject, research needs have been identified and policy recommendations are suggested. -Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl 6):197-205 (1995)

show abstract

Developmental abilities of children exposed to polybrominated biphenyls (PBB).

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

Analytic considerations for measuring environmental chemicals in breast milk.

Analytic considerations for measuring environmental chemicals in breast milk.

Maternal exposure to polybrominated and polychlorinated biphenyls: Infant birth weight and gestational age

Chemical Contaminants in Human Milk: An Overview

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About