Development, Validation, and Performance of Chitosan‐Based Coatings Using Catechol Coupling

Abstract

The use of long‐lasting polymer coatings on biodevice surfaces has been investigated to improve material–tissue interaction, minimize adverse effects, and enhance their functionality. Natural polymers, especially chitosan, are of particular interest due to their excellent biological properties, such as biocompatibility, non‐toxicity, and antimicrobial properties. One way to produce chitosan coating is by covalent grafting with catechol molecules such as dopamine, caffeic acid, and tannic acid, resulting in an attachment ten times stronger than that of simple physisorption. Caffeic acid presents an advantage over dopamine because it allows direct chitosan grafting, due to its terminal carboxylic acid group, without the need of a linking arm, as employed in the dopamine approach. In this study, the grafting of chitosan using caffeic acid, over surfaces or in solution, is compared with dopamine grafting using poly(ethylene glycol) as a linking arm. The following coating properties are observed; covering and homogeneity are assessed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy analyses, hydrophilicity with contact angle measurements, stability with aging tests, anticorrosion behavior, and coating non‐toxicity. Results show that grafting using caffeic acid/chitosan in solution over a metallic surface may be advantageous, compared to traditional dopamine coating.

Antibacterial and Antiviral Functional Materials: Chemistry and Biological Activity toward Tackling COVID-19-like Pandemics

“…Although chitosan is mainly used in antimicrobial activity, the other applications of modified chitosan are bone regeneration, drug delivery, gene carrier, hemocompatibility, nanocarrier, and endothelial progenitor cell platform. 172 Researchers have used different ways to use chitosan for antimicrobial activity. Table 1 summarizes the antimicrobial properties of different chitosan-based surfaces.…”

“…The following section briefly outlines various chitosan-based antimicrobial applications. Although chitosan is mainly used in antimicrobial activity, the other applications of modified chitosan are bone regeneration, drug delivery, gene carrier, hemocompatibility, nanocarrier, and endothelial progenitor cell platform . Researchers have used different ways to use chitosan for antimicrobial activity.…”

Rearrangement and morphological transition of DNA on adsorbent templates of hydrocarbon/fluorocarbon phase‐separated monolayers

“…Attempts have been made to utilize delicate biological tissues as atmospheric biodevices at room temperature 16 . This technology is used for decomposition, 17 cleaning, 18 molecular recognition, 19 and sometimes as a biochip material, 20 thus contributing to regenerative medicine.…”

“…Attempts have been made to utilize delicate biological tissues as atmospheric biodevices at room temperature. 16 This technology is used for decomposition, 17 cleaning, 18 molecular recognition, 19 and sometimes as a biochip material, 20 thus contributing to regenerative medicine. Many studies have used molecular recognition, such as drug delivery systems (DDS), 21 clathrate compounds, 22 and crown ethers 23 (Figure 1A).…”

Novel pH-sensitive catechol dyes synthesised by a three component one-pot reaction

“…The application area of these materials is very wide and varied, and it is mainly due to the adhesive and chelating properties of the catechol moiety ( Sedó et al, 2013 ; Ryu et al, 2015 ; Saiz-Poseu et al, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ). Proof of that is the increasing number of publications on this subject, covering various disciplines such as organic chemistry ( Yang et al, 2002 ; Iacomino et al, 2017 ; Ji et al, 2019 ; Mancebo-Aracil et al, 2019 ; Nador et al, 2021 ), surface and supramolecular chemistry ( Panchireddy et al, 2018 ; Qiu et al, 2018 ; Lyu et al, 2019 ; Souza Campelo et al, 2020 ), or electrochemistry ( Golabi, Nematollahi, 1997 ; Shahrokhian, Hamzehloei, 2003 ; Zhao et al, 2012 ; Toghan et al, 2019 ). With regard to the use of catechols in optical applications, several examples have been reported where catechol is attached to a fluorescent compound, taking advantage of the synergy between the chelating properties of catechol and the optical properties of the fluorophore to generate new chemosensors ( Evangelio et al, 2008 ; An et al, 2010a ; Queirós et al, 2012 ; Queirós et al, 2014 ; Yin et al, 2014 ; Queirós et al, 2015 ; Monteiro-Silva et al, 2021 ), and materials ( Kaushik et al, 2015 ; Nador et al, 2018a ; Nador et al, 2018b ; Mancebo-Aracil et al, 2019 ).…”