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The ongoing worldwide pandemic due to COVID-19 has created awareness toward ensuring best practices to avoid the spread of microorganisms. In this regard, the research on creating a surface which destroys or inhibits the adherence of microbial/viral entities has gained renewed interest. Although many research reports are available on the antibacterial materials or coatings, there is a relatively small amount of data available on the use of antiviral materials. However, with more research geared toward this area, new information is being added to the literature every day. The combination of antibacterial and antiviral chemical entities represents a potentially path-breaking intervention to mitigate the spread of disease-causing agents. In this review, we have surveyed antibacterial and antiviral materials of various classes such as small-molecule organics, synthetic and biodegradable polymers, silver, TiO2, and copper-derived chemicals. The surface protection mechanisms of the materials against the pathogen colonies are discussed in detail, which highlights the key differences that could determine the parameters that would govern the future development of advanced antibacterial and antiviral materials and surfaces.

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Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have recently emerged as an ideal semiconductor for photovoltaic application. Much of the advantageous properties of perovskite is dominated by its large charge carrier mobility (μ)...

Two neutral pyrazolato diimine rhenium(I) carbonyl complexes with formula [Re(CO)(3)(N-N)(btpz)] where N-N = 2,2'-bipyridine (1) and 1,10-phenanathroline (2), and btpz = 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl) pyrazolate, were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, routine spectroscopic methods, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. Ground and excited state properties of these complexes were investigated by steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopies. Complexes 1 and 2 show photoluminescent emission in both solution and solid-state at room temperature, arising from metal to ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) transition with strong overlapping of intraligand pi --> pi transitions. The long-lived excited state lifetimes of complexes 1 and 2, which are on the order of microseconds, indicate the presence of phosphorescent emission. As these complexes hold the potential to serve as phosphors for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), their electroluminescent performances were evaluated by employing them as dopants of various electron transport layer (ETL) or hole transport layer (HTL) hosts. For complex 1, a green electrophosphorescence emission centered at lambda(max) = 530 nm was observed at low turn-on voltage ( approximately 6 V) with luminous power efficiency of 0.72 lm/W, external quantum efficiency of 0.82%, and luminance of 2300 cd/m(2) at a current density of 100 mA/cm(2).

The 1973 oil embargo motivated significant research efforts in hydrogen production [1-4] that were subsequently abandoned when the fossil fuel flood-gates were re-opened. Recently emerging concerns over energy security, and the maintenance of our global ecosystem has rekindled the search for the processes that are efficient, economical and practical for large-scale production of hydrogen; herein we consider some possibilities.

The aminoalkoxide complexes Sr(amak) 2 (1) and Ba(amak) 2 (2) were prepared by treatment of a multiply-chelating fluorinated aminoalcohol ligand HOC(CF 3 ) 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 CH 2 OMe) 2 , (amak)H, with the Group 2 metal reagents Sr(OPr i ) 2 and BaH 2 respectively. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies indicate that complex 1 possesses an 8-coordinate distorted bicapped octahedral geometry with all O and N atoms coordinated to the central Sr cation. However, complex 2 adopts a unique 10-coordinate bicapped square antiprismatic structure, of which the coordination number is increased by two fluorine-to-barium dative interactions. Variable temperature 19 F NMR studies show the existence of two inter-convertible isomers in solution and their possible molecular structures are proposed according to their structures in the solid-state. Preliminary investigation suggests that these complexes are good CVD source reagents for depositing SrF 2 and BaF 2 thin films. 19F NMR data. BaH 2 and Sr(OPr i ) 2 were purchased from Strem Chemicals and used as received. All reactions were performed under a nitrogen atmosphere using deoxygenated solvents dried with an appropriate reagent. Elemental analyses were carried out at the

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