Development of vanadium-base alloys for fusion first-wall—blanket applications

Abstract

Vanadium alloys have been identified as a leading candidate material for fusion first-wall/blanket applications. Certain vanadium alloys exhibit favorable safety and environmental characteristics, good fabricability, high temperature and heat load capability, good compatibility with liquid metals and resistance to irradiation damage effects. The current focus is on vanadium alloys with (3-5)% Cr and (3-5)% Ti with a V-4Cr-4Ti alloy as the leading candidate.iThe available data base indicates that the V-Cr-Ti alloys provide the following advantages:• These alloys are readily formable and weldable; however, atmospheric contamination must be avoided during welding and high temperature processing.• The relatively high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion provide for a high heat load capability.• These alloys exhibit _'ioodhigh temperature tensile and creep properties which permit high temperature operation.

Reflector and Protections in a Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor: Modelling and Optimization

“…In this regard, previous studies conducted in the past were of interest, like for instance those studies aiming at the development of target matrices for the transmutation of Minor Actinides in Phenix reactor [4] (MgO, MgAl2O4, Y3Al5O12), but also some prospective studies that were conducted for the development of the Gas-cooled Fast Reactors (Zr3Si2, SiC) [5] or associated with fusion Reactors technologies [6] (V-4Ti-4Cr, Beryllium). Hydride materials, like CaH or ZrH (having a strong moderation impact), were directly disqualified from this pre-selection because of safety considerations (hydrogen risks in accidental conditions).…”

An Investigation on the Mass Attenuation Coefficients of W-VC-C and W-VC-TiC-C Composites for Gamma Radioisotopes

“…They have been defined as promising candidate materials for first-wall blanket applications in the fusion systems because of their low activation properties, resistance and a high thermal stress factor to irradiation damage [3]. Vanadium-based alloys have been approved for many years as low activation materials, which thus have many advantageous properties [4]. Titanium carbide is an exceedingly hard, heat resisting ceramic material which has high melting point, superior chemical stability, low density, high hardness and thermal stability [5,6].…”

Similarities and Differences in Mechanical Alloying Processes of V-Si-B and Mo-Si-B Powders

“…Secondly, by using lightweight materials with similar mechanical properties compared to conventional materials, the reduction of mass inertia will also affect the efficiency of the process. Amongst other refractory metal-based alloys several new molybdenum and vanadium alloys, which follow the approaches described above, provide excellent mechanical properties in a wide temperature range, offering promising possibilities in terms of various high temperature applications [3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”