Development of tungsten and tungsten alloys for DEMO divertor applications via MIM technology

Blagoeva, Darina; Opschoor, J.B.; Laan, J.G. van der; Sârbu, C.; Pintsuk, G.; Jong, M.; Bakker, Theo C. M.; Pierick, P. ten; Nolles, H.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.01.004

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A dynamically stable grain size is already achieved in the production process. A similar resistance against grain growth is mentioned for PIM-tungsten in [43]. Fig.…”

Section: Heat Up Cool Downsupporting

confidence: 75%

Tape cast isotropic, fine-grained tungsten for thermo-cyclic loading applications

Sommerer

Werner

et al. 2016

Fusion Engineering and Design

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This paper introduces tape casting as a new route for the production of isotropic and fine-grained tungsten components. Microstructural and thermal properties of tape cast tungsten samples are determined. Thermal shock behavior according to the thermo-cyclic loading of standing X-ray anodes is investigated and compared to the behavior of a rolled tungsten grade. The development of surface roughness during the thermal shock loading is discussed in relation to the development of the grain structure and crack pattern. The finegrained and stable microstructure of the tape cast material exhibits less roughening under such test conditions.

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“…A dynamically stable grain size is already achieved in the production process. A similar resistance against grain growth is mentioned for PIM-tungsten in [43]. Fig.…”

Section: Heat Up Cool Downsupporting

confidence: 75%

Tape cast isotropic, fine-grained tungsten for thermo-cyclic loading applications

Sommerer

Werner

et al. 2016

Fusion Engineering and Design

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“…The pinned and accumulated dislocations effectively raise the strength and simultaneously improve the ductility of FG alloys, as reported in ref. 29 . In addition, some particles tightly bounding to the GBs could impede GB sliding, as indicated by the open arrows in Fig.…”

Section: Extraordinary Ductility/plasticity/strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraordinary high ductility/strength of the interface designed bulk W-ZrC alloy plate at relatively low temperature

Xie

Liu

Miao

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

183

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The refractory tungsten alloys with high ductility/strength/plasticity are highly desirable for a wide range of critical applications. Here we report an interface design strategy that achieves 8.5 mm thick W-0.5 wt. %ZrC alloy plates with a flexural strength of 2.5 GPa and a strain of 3% at room temperature (RT) and ductile-to-brittle transition temperature of about 100 °C. The tensile strength is about 991 MPa at RT and 582 MPa at 500 °C, as well as total elongation is about 1.1% at RT and as large as 41% at 500 °C, respectively. In addition, the W-ZrC alloy plate can sustain 3.3 MJ/m2 thermal load without any cracks. This processing route offers the special coherent interfaces of grain/phase boundaries (GB/PBs) and the diminishing O impurity at GBs, which significantly strengthens GB/PBs and thereby enhances the ductility/strength/plasticity of W alloy. The design thought can be used in the future to prepare new alloys with higher ductility/strength.

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“… Material/Size Working process DBTT(K) Dimension(mm) Method Ref. WL10 Swaging + Rolling + SMAT ≤723 27 × 4 × 3 Charpy our WL10 Swaging + Rolling 973 27 × 4 × 3 Charpy our WL10 Swaging + Rolling 973 10 × 10 × 55 Charpy 28 W − 0.5 ZrC (8.5 mm thick plate) Rolling 373 2 × 2 × 20 3PB 29 W − 2 Y 2 O 3 (2 mm thick, Φ 95 mm) Hot Forging 473 2 × 2 × 25 3PB 30 Pure W (10 mm thick plate) Rolling 473 2 × 4 × 20 3PB 31 Pure W (4 mm thick) HIP 473 2 × 3.3 × 20 3PB 31 W − 0.2 TiC (1 mm thick) Forging + Rolling 440 1 × 1 × 20 3PB 32 W − 0.25 Ti−0.05 C (1 mm thick plate) Rolling 260 1 × 1 × 20 3PB 32 W − 1% Y 2 O 3 Injection molding 1273 3 × 4 × 27 Charpy 33 Pure W Injection molding 1173 3 × 4 × 27 Charpy 33 W − 0.5 TiC HIP + Forging …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured laminar tungsten alloy with improved ductility by surface mechanical attrition treatment

Guo

Xia

Chan

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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A nanostructured laminar W-La2O3 alloy (WL10) with improved ductility was prepared using a surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). φ1.5 mm ZrO2 WL10 balls subjected to SMAT (called φ1.5 mm ZrO2 ball SMATed WL10) samples possess the best surface profile and excellent integrated mechanical properties (the ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) value decreases by approximately 200 °C, and the bending strength decreases by 100 Mpa). A highly dense group of laminates was detected near the surface of the φ1.5 mm ZrO2 ball SMATed WL10 sample. The SMATed WL10 laminates were composed of a micro-grain layer, an ultrafine-grain layer and a nanosized-grain layer. The nanostructured laminar surface layer of the φ1.5 mm ZrO2 ball SMATed WL10 sample is approximately 1–2 μm. The top surface of the WL10 plates with and without the SMAT process possesses residual compressive stress of approximately −883 MPa and −241 MPa, respectively, in the y direction and −859 MPa and −854 MPa, respectively, in the x direction. The SMAT process could be a complementary method to further improve the toughness of tungsten-based materials.

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Development of tungsten and tungsten alloys for DEMO divertor applications via MIM technology

Cited by 30 publications

References 6 publications

Tape cast isotropic, fine-grained tungsten for thermo-cyclic loading applications

Tape cast isotropic, fine-grained tungsten for thermo-cyclic loading applications

Extraordinary high ductility/strength of the interface designed bulk W-ZrC alloy plate at relatively low temperature

Nanostructured laminar tungsten alloy with improved ductility by surface mechanical attrition treatment

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