Development of the living donation and kidney transplantation information made easy (KidneyTIME) educational animations

Abstract

Background: Current web-based educational approaches about living kidney donation (LKD) are complex, lengthy, and/or text-laden, which may impair accurate interpretation of information, thereby limiting kidney transplant access.Purpose: This paper describes the process of developing animation-based LKD education designed to be suitable for and acceptable to kidney transplant candidates and their support networks.Methods: Based on formative work, early animation prototypes were designed by a transplant surgeon and a health communication expert. In qualitative focus groups and individual interviews, animation prototypes were shown to 46 kidney transplant recipients, 28 kidney transplant candidates, 32 previous or potential kidney donors, 10 caregivers, 32 transplant providers, 24 dialysis providers, and 4 cultural and community advisors for their input regarding animation suitability, acceptability, and potential usability/feasibility. Viewer feedback was used to iteratively refine the animations.Animation design to facilitate adult learning was guided by elaboration theory, Bandura's self-efficacy theory, and Mayer's cognitive theory of multimedia learning.Results: KidneyTIME currently consists of 12 animations about LKD process, benefits, and risks. Conclusions:Patients/friends/family members, experts, and stakeholders provided valuable feedback to the research team that was integrated into the development of KidneyTIME with the goal of enhancing suitability, acceptability, engagement, usability, and feasibility of dissemination.

The effect of a mobile application on the foot care of individuals with type 2 diabetes: A randomised controlled study

“…Training given by means of animation videos has been shown to increase the knowledge and attitudes of patients and facilitates adaptation to the disease (Al Owaifeer et al, 2018). In addition, animation videos increase the attractiveness of the education and enable the information to inform subsequent behaviour (Kayler et al, 2020). Other studies (e.g.…”

“…There are many studies on the success of animation-based patient education (Abrar et al, 2020; Ahmed et al, 2015; Kayler et al, 2020). Animations can increase the effectiveness of teaching through their colourful and visual content and can make education more meaningful (Latif et al, 2016).…”

“…Animations can increase the effectiveness of teaching through their colourful and visual content and can make education more meaningful (Latif et al, 2016). In contrast to videos of real people, animations have the potential to explain complex concepts simply (Kayler et al, 2020). While real photographs may be suitable for representing static objects, colourful and visually rich animations are more effective in complex forms of patient education (Choi, 2011; Tumminello, 2005).…”

Educational Animations to Inform Transplant Candidates About Deceased Donor Kidney Options: An Efficacy Randomized Trial

“…The investigators designed the questionnaire for the purposes of this trial through principal component analysis of data from prior feasibility studies. 23 , 24 Knowledge scores were obtained by summing the number of correct answers.…”

“…With the goal of educating patients and their support networks about kidney donor opportunities, we recently conducted a formative needs analysis and developed 2 theory-based educational animations that provide basic explanations—including the risks and benefits—of high KDPI 23 and IRD 24 kidneys. Although preliminary results from a 1-arm proof of concept study of the simplifyKDPI 23 and IRD-1-2-3 24 animations are promising, these educational aids still require efficacy testing, both among patients and their caregivers.…”