Development of the Granary Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Barley, Corn, Oats, Rice, and Wheat

Schwartz, Brad E.; Burkholder, Wendell E.

doi:10.1093/jee/84.3.1047

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…In addition, Jay (1983) clarified that environmental factors such as temperature and relative humidity play important roles in proliferation of insect pests in stored products. The optimal conditions for reproduction and growth of S. zeamais and T. castaneum are 60-70 % relative humidity and temperatures of 25-30°C (Madrid and Loschiavo 1990;Schwartz and Burkholder 1991). As these conditions prevailed in our trial sites this might explain the extensive damage and losses caused by S. zeamais on the maize stored in PP and jute bags.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Low permeability triple-layer plastic bags prevent losses of maize caused by insects in rural on-farm stores

et al. 2016

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Participatory on-farm trials were conducted to assess effectiveness of Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS™) bags for storage of maize in small-scale farmers' stores in rural villages in eastern Kenya. A PICS bag is a three-layered hermetic bag-system that forms a barrier against the influx of oxygen and the escape of carbon dioxide. Jute, woven polypropylene or PICS bags were filled with shelled maize grain, purchased from the participating farmers, and the three sets of bags kept in the farmers' own stores for 35 weeks. Oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the PICS bags were monitored, as well as the temperature and relative humidity in all the bags. Grain moisture, live insect population, grain damage and weight loss were examined at intervals of seven weeks. Oxygen and carbon dioxide composition demonstrated that PICS bags are capable of sustaining good air-barrier properties under farmer storage conditions. Moreover, moisture content of maize stored in PICS bags did not change throughout the storage period whereas the moisture content of maize stored in polypropylene and jute bags decreased significantly in the final 14 weeks. Maize stored in PICS bags remained free from insect infestation and the weight loss due to insect damage was below 1 %. On the contrary, polypropylene and jute bags permitted profuse build-up of insect populations. At 35 weeks, grain damage reached 77.6 % and 82.3 % corresponding to 41.2 % and 48.5 % weight loss in the polypropylene and jute bags respectively. These findings demonstrate that PICS bags are effective in controlling losses caused by storage pests under farmer storage conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Low permeability triple-layer plastic bags prevent losses of maize caused by insects in rural on-farm stores

et al. 2016

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“…The granary weevil primarily afflicts grains such as wheat, barley, rye, and oats, as well as triticale, corn, rice, millet, and sometimes manufactured pastas (Dobie & Kilminster, 1978;Schwartz & Burkholder, 1991). The complete development of its larvae -from the egg to the imago -takes place hidden within the interior of the grain kernel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An attempt to reconstruct the natural and cultural history of the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Plarre¹

2010

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. It is generally accepted that stored grain insects are food opportunists and, when originally made the transition to manmade storage facilities, came from natural reservoirs like bird or rodent nests. This may not be true for Sitophilus granarius. Among all stored-product insects, the granary weevil S. granarius is the only species never recorded outside of storage facilities. Anatomical, physiological, and behavioural aspects of recent and hypothetical ancestral species in the genus Sitophilus are presented and discussed in terms of adaptation to the anthropogenic storage of grain. Full development inside the host kernel, endosymbioses with bacteria, and the reduction in flight activity to prevent water loss in a dry environment can be regarded as pre-adaptations for the evolution of a full synanthropic grain pest of cosmopolitan distribution. Faunistic, archaeological, and historical evidences of the pest's origin and spread in conjunction with early agriculture are reviewed to support a hypothesis of a co-evolutionary event with the dawn of Neolithic agriculture.

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“…Since a-amylase is a predominant digestive hydrolase in S. oryzae, a major enzyme for hydrolyzing starch, the degree to which cereal diets affect amylase levels may indicate their suitability as potential hosts (Baker, 1988;Anonymous, 1991). S. granarius (L.) showed higher growth rates and development of insects on wheat and barley compared to corn, oats or rice examined at 27.5 C and 75% RH (Schwartz & Burkholder, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Identification and metabolite profiling ofSitophilus oryzaeL. by 1D and 2D NMR Spectroscopy

Trivedi

Kaushik

Pandey³

2009

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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The polyphagous insect Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) has a tremendous adaptability in feeding behaviour, making it a serious invasive pest of stored cereals. The present study identifies the metabolite composition of Sitophilus oryzae (S. oryzae) using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Assignment of 1D-proton by NMR, 1H-1H COSY, 2D-TOCSY 1H-1H, had been done. Amongst the various biochemically important metabolites isoleucine, valine, leucine, beta-hydroxybutyrate, lysine, glutamate, glutamine, proline, lactate, alanine, di-methylamine, alpha-glucose, beta-glucose, choline, glycerophosphorylcholine and tyrosine are present in S. oryzae. In wheat-fed S. oryzae, the presence of threonine and the absence of lactate is observed. In rice-fed S. oryzae, however, the presence of lactate and the absence of threonine were observed. Barley-fed S. oryzae shows presence of both tyrosine and lactate. It is concluded that the pest S. oryzae has adaptability on different stored cereals and grains, depicting the presence of earlier reported metabolites. The present study aims to identify the key metabolic components and associated enzymes in Sitophilus oryzae fed on different cereals.

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Development of the Granary Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Barley, Corn, Oats, Rice, and Wheat

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Low permeability triple-layer plastic bags prevent losses of maize caused by insects in rural on-farm stores

Low permeability triple-layer plastic bags prevent losses of maize caused by insects in rural on-farm stores

An attempt to reconstruct the natural and cultural history of the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Identification and metabolite profiling ofSitophilus oryzaeL. by 1D and 2D NMR Spectroscopy

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