Development of sensitive and rapid analytical methodology for food analysis of 18 mycotoxins included in a total diet study

Beltrán, Eduardo; Ibáñez, María; Portolés, Tania; Ripollés, Cristina; Sancho, Juan V.; Yusà, Vicent; Marin, S. R. R.; Hernández, Félix

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2013.04.043

Cited by 78 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Up to 18 mycotoxins, AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, OTA, NEO, FB1, FB2, FB3, T-2, DIA, ZEN, NIV, DON, 3-AcDON, 15-AcDON, Fus X, and HT-2 were analysed according to the methodology of Beltrán et al (2013), adapted to the aquaculture matrices (Nácher-Mestre et al, 2013). Briefly, 2.5 g homogenized samples were extracted with acetonitrile:water 80:20 (1% HCOOH) using an automatic mechanical shaker for 90 min.…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One example of this are mycotoxins, which are world-wide found in cereal grains and animal feed (Binder, 2007;Binder et al, 2007;Beltrán et al, 2013;Streit et al, 2013). Mycotoxins are produced by fungi that pre-harvest infect agricultural crops (field mycotoxins) or post-harvest agricultural commodities stored under certain temperature and humidity conditions (storage mycotoxins) (Magan et al, 2010;Bryden, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multi occurrence of mycotoxins requires, however, the need for the application of multi-mycotoxin methods in order to get a more accurate picture of the extent of the wide range of mycotoxin contamination (Beltrán et al, 2009(Beltrán et al, , 2013Monbaliu et al, 2010;Streit et al, 2012;Aberg et al, 2013). Earlier studies established feasible analytical approaches for mycotoxins in feed ingredients, aquafeeds and fish fillets (Beltrán et al, 2013;Nácher-Mestre et al, 2013;Malachová et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier studies established feasible analytical approaches for mycotoxins in feed ingredients, aquafeeds and fish fillets (Beltrán et al, 2013;Nácher-Mestre et al, 2013;Malachová et al, 2014). Based on this previous experience, the present work aims to quantify a wide range of mycotoxins in commercially available plant and PAP feed ingredients, fish feeds based on these ingredients, and their transfer to the edible part of farmed Atlantic salmon and gilthead sea bream, two main species of the European aquaculture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and potential transfer of mycotoxins in gilthead sea bream and Atlantic salmon by use of novel alternative feed ingredients

et al. 2015

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Plant ingredients and processed animal proteins (PAP) are suitable alternative feedstuffs for fish feeds in aquaculture practice, although their use can introduce contaminants that are not previously associated with marine salmon and gilthead sea bream farming. Mycotoxins are well known natural contaminants in plant feed material, although they also could be present on PAPs after fungi growth during storage. The present study surveyed commercially available plant ingredients (19) and PAP (19) for a wide range of mycotoxins (18) according to the EU regulations. PAP showed only minor levels of ochratoxin A and fumonisin B1 and the mycotoxin carry-over from feeds to fillets of farmed Atlantic salmon and gilthead sea bream (two main species of European aquaculture) was performed with plant ingredient based diets. Deoxynivalenol was the most prevalent mycotoxin in wheat, wheat gluten and corn gluten cereals with levels ranging from 17 to 814 and μg kg(-1), followed by fumonisins in corn products (range 11.1-4901 μg kg(-1) for fumonisin B1+B2+B3). Overall mycotoxin levels in fish feeds reflected the feed ingredient composition and the level of contaminant in each feed ingredient. In all cases the studied ingredients and feeds showed levels of mycotoxins below maximum residue limits established by the Commission Recommendation 2006/576/EC. Following these guidelines no mycotoxin carry-over was found from feeds to edible fillets of salmonids and a typically marine fish, such as gilthead sea bream. As far we know, this is the first report of mycotoxin surveillance in farmed fish species.

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Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and potential transfer of mycotoxins in gilthead sea bream and Atlantic salmon by use of novel alternative feed ingredients

et al. 2015

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“…In HPLC the most common detectors are ultraviolet, diode array, fluorescence and MS (Pascale, 2009). A clear trend can be seen to develop multi-mycotoxin methods based on liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous identification and quantification of the sought compounds (Beltran et al, 2013;Berthiller et al, 2014). LC-MS/MS is one of the most powerful tools for orgànic compound analysis due to its high selectivity, sensitivity, and throughput.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of approaches to deal with matrix effects in LC-MS/MS based determinations of mycotoxins in food and feed

Fabregat-Cabello

Zomer

Sancho

et al. 2016

WMJ

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This study deals with one of the major concerns in mycotoxin determinations: the matrix effect related to LC-MS/ MS systems with electrospray ionization sources. To this end, in a first approach, the matrix effect has been evaluated in two ways: monitoring the signal of a compound (added to the mobile phase) during the entire chromatographicrun, and by classical post-extraction addition. The study was focused on nine selected mycotoxins: aflatoxin B1, fumonisins B1, B2 and B3, ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol, T-2 and HT-2 toxins and zearalenone in various sample extracts giving moderate to strong matrix effects (maize, compound feed, straw, spices). Although the permanent monitoring of a compound provided a qualitative way of evaluating the matrix effects at each retention time, we concluded that it was not adequate as a quantitative approach to correct for the matrix effect. Matrix effects measured by post-extraction addition showed that the strongest ion suppression occurred for the spices (up to -89%). Five different calibration approaches to compensate for matrix effects were compared: multi-level external calibration using isotopically labelled internal standards, multi-level and single level standard addition, and two ways of singlepoint internal calibration: one point isotopic internal calibration and isotope pattern deconvolution. In general, recoveries and precision meeting the European Union requirements could be achieved with all approaches, with the exception of the single level standard addition at levels too close to the concentration in the sample. When an isotopically labelled internal standard is not available, single-level standard addition is the most efficient option.

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Dyes and Biological Stains

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Destruction of Hazardous Chemicals in the Laboratory

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Development of sensitive and rapid analytical methodology for food analysis of 18 mycotoxins included in a total diet study

Cited by 78 publications

References 27 publications

Occurrence and potential transfer of mycotoxins in gilthead sea bream and Atlantic salmon by use of novel alternative feed ingredients

Occurrence and potential transfer of mycotoxins in gilthead sea bream and Atlantic salmon by use of novel alternative feed ingredients

Comparison of approaches to deal with matrix effects in LC-MS/MS based determinations of mycotoxins in food and feed

Dyes and Biological Stains

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