Development of preschool-aged children of different social and ethnic groups: Implications for developmental screening

Developmental assessment of the preschool child: an intractable problem?

“…The lower incidence found with the American samples may arise because their data ignore 'questionable' results and refer only to 'abnormal' classifications or because some care was exercised to exclude from their samples not only children suffering from physical defects but also all who were considered to represent 'a high risk of developmental abnormality'. The possibility also exists that the present data illustrate the suggestion by Frankenburg et al (1975) that the percentage of questionable classifications may be expected to increase with age in low socio-econornic status children between 2 and 5 years of age. Whatever the reason for the discrepancy, its relative magnitude is small, as the date obtained in Belfast fall within 1% of that obtained in some Denver samples.…”

“…Rose (1973) found it useful for screening purposes although Evans and Ferguson (1974) later expressed some reservations about it. The value of local norms for the DDST has been discussed by Frankenburg et al (1975) who are conscious that the test's sensitivity to differences in child-rearing practices has been little explored and should be determined. They point out that data are needed concerning the extent to which various environmental variables influence the acquisition of specific developmental skills.…”

Desenvolvimento de pré-escolares na educação infantil em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil

“…O teste de Denver II foi capaz de identificar entre os pré-escolares saudáveis, matriculados na educação infantil de Cuiabá, aqueles que se diferenciaram do seu universo no que tange ao desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor 6,7,8,9,18,19 .…”

Beliefs about the appropriate age for initiating toilet training: Are there racial and socioeconomic differences?

“…13 Some investigators have attributed the observed racial differences in age of initiation of toilet training to earlier attainment of motor skills by AA children. 13,18,19 However, previous research on toilet training outside the United States found initiation of toilet training as early as age 2 to 3 weeks and completion by age 1 year. 20 Our study suggests that AA children are toilet trained at an earlier age because they begin this process sooner, based on their parents' beliefs.…”