Development of Piezoelectric Energy Harvester System through Optimizing Multiple Structural Parameters

Yang, Hailu; Wei, Ya; Wei-dong, Zhang; Ai, Yibo; Ye, Zhoujing; Wang, Linbing

doi:10.3390/s21082876

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…With the approach developed in this paper, we can measure the fuzzy cross-efficiency scores for cases of variable returns to scale with fuzzy observation and apply to different fields of engineering applications (e.g., [42][43][44][45][46][47]) for decision-making. In this paper, the inputs and outputs are treated as triangular fuzzy numbers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fuzzy Approach to Support Evaluation of Fuzzy Cross Efficiency

Liu

2021

Symmetry

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Cross-efficiency evaluation effectively distinguishes a set of decision-making units (DMUs) via self- and peer-evaluations. In constant returns to scale, this evaluation technique is usually applied for data envelopment analysis (DEA) models because negative efficiencies will not occur in this case. For situations of variable returns to scale, the negative cross-efficiencies may occur in this evaluation method. In the real world, the observations could be uncertain and difficult to measure precisely. The existing fuzzy cross-evaluation methods are restricted to production technologies with constant returns to scale. Generally, symmetry is a fundamental characteristic of binary relations used when modeling optimization problems. Additionally, the notion of symmetry appeared in many studies about uncertain theories employed in DEA problems, and this approach can be considered an engineering tool for supporting decision-making. This paper proposes a fuzzy cross-efficiency evaluation model with fuzzy observations under variable returns to scale. Since all possible weights of all DMUs are considered, a choice of weights is not required. Most importantly, negative cross-efficiencies are not produced. An example shows that this paper’s fuzzy cross-efficiency evaluation method has discriminative power in ranking the DMUs when observations are fuzzy numbers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fuzzy Approach to Support Evaluation of Fuzzy Cross Efficiency

Liu

2021

Symmetry

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“…Waveforms such as sinusoidal form, half-wave sinusoidal form, and haversine form can be chosen [35,36]. In this case, the vehicle load was simplified as a sinusoidal wave [22], which can be calculated by Equation ( 14):…”

Section: Effect Of Load Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing studies have shown that piezoelectric units installed in pavement suffer structural damages, such as interfacial shear failure, corner breaks, and electrode detachment [20,21]. Recent research has been shifted to assemble the piezoelectric transducers into arrays and fabricated them into a protective package to improve the energy conversion efficiency, structural strength, and service performance [22,23]. Roshani conducted uniaxial compression tests on piezoelectric devices and found that the number and arrangement of piezoelectric units influenced the output power [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In his research, the proposed device could harvest 11.67 mW at 0.7 MPa and 15 Hz with the corresponding optimum load of 10 kΩ [23]. In addition, Yang and Liu conducted experimental and simulation methods to optimize the structure of piezoelectric devices and analyzed the electrical and mechanical properties of the piezoelectric devices [22,28,29]. This research has provided useful references for the study of piezoelectric energy harvesters for roadway applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Piezoelectric Properties of a Stack Units-Based Piezoelectric Device for Roadway Application

Yang

Liu

et al. 2021

Sensors

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To improve the energy harvesting efficiency of the piezoelectric device, a stack units-based structure was developed and verified. Factors such as stress distribution, load resistance, loads, and loading times influencing the piezoelectric properties were investigated using theoretical analysis and experimental tests. The results show that the unit number has a negative relationship with the generated energy and the stress distribution has no influence on the power generation of the piezoelectric unit array. However, with a small stress difference, units in a parallel connection can obtain high energy conversion efficiency. Additionally, loaded with the matched impedance of 275.0 kΩ at 10.0 kN and 10.0 Hz, the proposed device reached a maximum output power of 84.3 mW, which is enough to supply the low-power sensors. Moreover, the indoor load test illustrates that the electrical performance of the piezoelectric device was positively correlated with the simulated loads when loaded with matched resistance. Furthermore, the electrical property remained stable after the fatigue test of 100,000 cyclic loads. Subsequently, the field study confirmed that the developed piezoelectric device had novel piezoelectric properties with an open-circuit voltage of 190 V under an actual tire load, and the traffic parameters can be extracted from the voltage waveform.

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“…In [33], the authors designed an energy harvester to extract energy from a smart road. The authors investigated the number of stacks layers, influences of connection mode, number of units and ratio of height to cross-sectional area [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric and Experimental Modeling of Axial-Type Piezoelectric Energy Generator with Active Base

2022

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A computational and experimental approach to modeling oscillations of a new axial-type piezoelectric generator (PEG) with an attached mass and an active base is considered. A pair of cylindrical piezoelements located along the generator axis is used as an active base. Plate-type piezoelectric elements, made in the form of two bimorphs on an elastic PEG base, use the potential energy of PEG bending vibrations. Energy generation in cylindrical piezoelectric elements occurs due to the transfer of compressive forces to the piezoelectric element at the base of the PEG during excitation of structural vibrations. The active load scheme is selected separately for each piezoelectric element. Numerical simulation was performed in the ANSYS FE analysis package. The results of modal and harmonic analysis of vibrations are presented. A technique for experimental analysis of vibrations is presented, and a laboratory test setup is described. Numerical and experimental results are presented for the output characteristics of a piezoelectric generator at a low-frequency load. For one of the versions of the generator and a certain displacement amplitude for a frequency of 39 Hz, in the results of a comparative experimental analysis at a load of 10 kΩ, the maximum output power for each cylindrical piezoelectric element was 2138.9 μW, and for plate-type piezoelectric elements, respectively, 446.9 μW and 423.2 μW.

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Development of Piezoelectric Energy Harvester System through Optimizing Multiple Structural Parameters

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

A Fuzzy Approach to Support Evaluation of Fuzzy Cross Efficiency

A Fuzzy Approach to Support Evaluation of Fuzzy Cross Efficiency

Development and Piezoelectric Properties of a Stack Units-Based Piezoelectric Device for Roadway Application

Parametric and Experimental Modeling of Axial-Type Piezoelectric Energy Generator with Active Base

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