Development of permafrost-affected peatlands in the southern limit of the European Russian cryolithozone and their vulnerability to future warming

Pastukhov, Aleksandr Valerievich; Knoblauch, Christian; Beer, Christian; Рыжова, И. М.; Kaverin, Dmitry

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154350

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The variability of physicochemical properties and AA concentrations in peat indicate that there were differences in the paleogeographic conditions of the peatland during its genesis, as well as differences in terms of its ground water nutrition; thus, the lowland peat plateau (site Inta 1), during its initial stages, was mainly vegetated by eutrophic herbaceous–hypnum communities with a predominance of hygrophilic species, which were replaced by mesotrophic shrubs, and later replaced again by hygrophilic eutrophic plants. In foothill peat plateaus (sites Inta 11 and Voda-Ty), mesoeutrophic herbaceous communities prevailed at all stages of its genesis [ 24 , 26 ], which is reflected in the greater enrichment of organic matter with nitrogen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The composition heterogeneity and peat organic matter properties in the acrotelm and catotelm of peat strata were shown in our previous studies [ 24 , 25 , 26 ], which denoted the various paleogeographic conditions throughout their evolution [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. The purpose of this study is to fill the gaps in our previous research now that structural features have been determined and an assessment of the profile distribution of microorganisms has been undertaken, the latter of which found correlations with the amino acid content in the northern permafrost peatlands at the southern cryolithozone limit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Microbial Community Structure in Ancient European Arctic Peatlands

Пастухов

Ковалева

Kaverin

2022

Plants

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Northern peatlands, which are crucial reservoirs of carbon and nitrogen (415 ± 150 and 10 ± 7 Pg, respectively), are vulnerable to microbial mineralization after permafrost thaw. This study was carried out in four key sites containing northern permafrost peatland, which are located along the southern cryolithozone. The aim of this study is to characterize amino acids and the microbial community composition in peat strata along a climate gradient. Amino acids and microbiota diversity were studied by liquid chromatography and a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The share of amino acid fragments was 2.6–7.8, and it is highly significantly correlated (r = 0.87, −0.74 and 0.67, p ˂ 0.05) with the organic nitrogen concentration in the soil, the C/N ratio, and δ15N. The data shows the existence of a large pool of microorganisms concentrated in permafrost peatlands, and a vertical continuum of bacteria, archaea, and microscopic fungi along the peat profile, due to the presence of microorganisms in each layer, throughout all the peat strata. There is no significant correlation between microorganism distribution and the plant macrofossil composition of the peat strata. Determining factors for the development of microorganism abundance are aeration and hydrothermal conditions. The availability of nitrogen will limit the ability of plants and microorganisms to respond to changing environmental conditions; however, with the increased decomposition of organic matter, amino acids will be released as organic sources of nitrogen stored in the protein material of peat-forming plants and microbial communities, which can also affect the organic nitrogen cycle.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Microbial Community Structure in Ancient European Arctic Peatlands

Пастухов

Ковалева

Kaverin

2022

Plants

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“…. +2 • C), thus being the most temperature-vulnerable "segment" among the permafrost soils of the East European Plain [9,10]. As a result of large-scale degradation of the permafrost in the cryolithozone, thawing organic deposits become involved in the carbon cycle as well [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Characteristics of the Vertical Distribution of Heavy Metals in the Hummocky Peatlands of the Cryolithozone

Василевич

Vasilevich

Лодыгин

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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One of the main reservoirs depositing various classes of pollutants in high latitude regions are wetland ecosystems. Climate warming trends result in the degradation of permafrost in cryolitic peatlands, which exposes the hydrological network to risks of heavy metal (HM) ingress and its subsequent migration to the Arctic Ocean basin. The objectives included: (1) carrying out a quantitative analysis of the content of HMs and As across the profile of Histosols in background and technogenic landscapes of the Subarctic region, (2) evaluating the contribution of the anthropogenic impact to the accumulation of trace elements in the seasonally thawed layer (STL) of peat deposits, (3) discovering the effect of biogeochemical barriers on the vertical distribution of HMs and As. The analyses of elements were conducted by atom emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma, atomic absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with an energy-dispersive X-ray detecting. The study focused on the characteristics of the layer-by-layer accumulation of HMs and As in hummocky peatlands of the extreme northern taiga. It revealed the upper level of microelement accumulation to be associated with the STL as a result of aerogenic pollution. Specifically composed spheroidal microparticles found in the upper layer of peat may serve as indicators of the area polluted by power plants. The accumulation of water-soluble forms of most of the pollutants studied on the upper boundary of the permafrost layer (PL) is explained by the high mobility of elements in an acidic environment. In the STL, humic acids act as a significant sorption geochemical barrier for elements with a high stability constant value. In the PL, the accumulation of pollutants is associated with their sorption on aluminum-iron complexes and interaction with the sulfide barrier. A significant contribution of biogenic element accumulation was shown by statistical analysis.

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