Development of PCR Assays for Detection of Trichomonas vaginalis in Urine Specimens

Bandea, Claudiu I.; Joseph, Kahaliah; Secor, Evan; Jones, Laurie A.; Igietseme, Joseph U.; Sautter, Robert L.; Hammerschlag, Margaret R.; Fajman, Nancy N.; Girardet, Rebecca G; Black, Carolyn M.

doi:10.1128/jcm.03101-12

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…T. vaginalis infection causes vaginitis and cervicitis with profuse, frothy vaginal discharge and dysuria; pelvic inflammatory disease; preterm birth; and low-birth weight babies in women and urethral discharge (non-gonococcal urethritis), which is often asymptomatic and can be associated with prostatitis, epididymitis, and male factor infertility, in men. In addition, T. vaginalis infection has been implicated as a significant risk factor in the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other possible bacterial and viral STIs as well as of cervical cancer (2)(3)(4)(5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trichomoniasis is usually asymptomatic or shows nonspecific clinical symptoms; worldwide, diagnosis based on laboratory test results is crucial for the treatment and control of the disease (2). Conventional diagnostic techniques involved direct examination of the parasite and CPLM and TYM culture methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of all these reasons, there is a requirement for sensitive, time-independent, standard tests using noninvasive sampling for diagnosing trichomoniasis. In recent years, techniques using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have provided new approaches to increase the sensitivity as well as to use noninvasive body fluids such as urine (2,3,(12)(13)(14). In the present study, we aimed to detect T. vaginalis infection in urine samples obtained from males by performing nested PCR and to compare the results with those obtained using conventional methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis of Trichomoniasis in Male Patients on Performing Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction

YAR

Karakuş²,

Töz³

et al. 2017

TurkiyeParazitolDerg

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Objective: Trichomoniasis is a parasitic infection that occurs with the settlement of Trichomonas vaginalis in female and male urinary and reproductive tracts. This infection is generally asymptomatic in males, and males are thought to be a carrier for the transmission of infection. In this study, our aim was to detect trichomoniasis using nested polymerase chain reaction among males who were referred to a hospital with suspected urinary tract infection. Methods: Urine samples were collected from 138 male patients between 18 and 50 years of age who were referred with suspected urinary system infection to the Urology Outpatient Clinic at Malatya University Medical Center Malatya between December 2013 and May 2014. Direct microscopy, two different culture methods, and nested Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed for the investigation of T. vaginalis in urine samples. Results: Urinary tract infection was diagnosed in 47 of the 138 patients according to white and red blood cell counts in the urine samples. T. vaginalis infection was detected in 6.5% (9/138) of the suspected patients by nested PCR, while none of the samples tested positive by direct microscopy and culture examinations. Statistical significance was found between infection of the urinary tract and nested PCR positivity for T. vaginalis. Conclusions: According to our results, nested PCR is the most sensitive method for the detection of trichomoniasis in male patients. We strongly recommend using nested PCR for the differential diagnosis of urinary infections in males.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis of Trichomoniasis in Male Patients on Performing Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction

YAR

Karakuş²,

Töz³

et al. 2017

TurkiyeParazitolDerg

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“…This provides a stable, high copy number target for molecular assays. Single parasite detection has been demonstrated for PCR assays using these repeated sequences as targets (Kengne et al, 1994), and the improved sensitivity has enable testing from non-invasive urine samples, which typically contain a lower organism load than the swab samples more frequently used (Bandea et al, 2013).…”

Section: Diagnosis Female Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study comparing the sensitivity of two real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) hybridisation probe based PCR assays specific to the beta-tubulin gene and 18S rRNA gene found assay sensitivities of 96% and 100% respectively (Simpson et al, 2007). The T. vaginalis genome harbours a number of conserved repeated DNA sequences, and these are attractive targets for nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), as they provide a higher copy number per cell, and improve detection limits and sensitivities (Bandea et al, 2013). The sequencing of the ~160 Mb T.…”

Section: Diagnosis Female Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichomonas vaginalis: Clinical relevance, pathogenicity and diagnosis

Edwards

Burke

Smalley

et al. 2014

Critical Reviews in Microbiology

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Trichomonas vaginalis is the etiological agent of trichomoniasis, the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted disease worldwide. Trichomoniasis is a widespread, global health concern, and occurring at an increasing rate. Infections of the female genital tract can cause a range of symptoms, including vaginitis and cervicitis, whilst infections in males are generally asymptomatic. The relatively mild symptoms, and lack of evidence for any serious sequelae, have historically led to this disease being under diagnosed, and under researched. However, growing evidence that T. vaginalis infection is associated with disease states with high morbidity in both men and women has increased the efforts to diagnose and treat patients harbouring this parasite. The pathology of trichomoniasis results from damage to the host epithelia, caused by a variety of processes during infection, and recent work has highlighted the complex interactions between the parasite and host, commensal microbiome, and accompanying symbionts. The commercial release of a number of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) has added to the available diagnostic options. Immunoassay based Point of Care testing is currently available, and a recent initial evaluation of a NAAT Point of Care system has given promising results, which would enable testing and treatment in a single visit.

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Infectious Diseases Associated With Child Abuse

Emerson¹,

Bechtel²

2018

Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

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Development of PCR Assays for Detection of Trichomonas vaginalis in Urine Specimens

Cited by 21 publications

References 26 publications

Diagnosis of Trichomoniasis in Male Patients on Performing Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction

Diagnosis of Trichomoniasis in Male Patients on Performing Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction

Trichomonas vaginalis: Clinical relevance, pathogenicity and diagnosis

Infectious Diseases Associated With Child Abuse

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