Development of Nanocomposite Film Comprising of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Incorporated with Bacterial Cellulose Nanocrystals and Magnetite Nanoparticles

Abstract

Nanocomposite film of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) incorporated with bacterial cellulose nanocrystals (BCNCs) and magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) is reported in this study. The BCNC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles and PVA film was prepared by in situ synthesis technique using chemical co-precipitation. Different concentrations of BCNC-Fe3O4 (20%, 40% and 60% w/w) were mechanically dispersed in PVA solution to form the nanocomposite film. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of BCNC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles showed irregular particle sizes ranging from 4.93 to 30.44 nm with an average size distribution of 22.94 nm. The presence of characteristic functional groups of PVA, BCNC and Fe3O4 were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) attached energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis revealed that, the iron content and magnetic property increased with increasing BCNC-Fe3O4 content. The saturation magnetizations (MS) value increased from 5.14 to 11.56 emu/g. The PVA/ BCNC-Fe3O4 at 60% showed the highest Young’s modulus value of 2.35 ± 0.16 GPa. The prepared film could be a promising polymeric nanomaterial for various magnetic-based applications and for the design of smart electronic devices.

Modified Composite Based on Magnetite and Polyvinyl Alcohol: Synthesis, Characterization, and Degradation Studies of the Methyl Orange Dye from Synthetic Wastewater

“…The absorption peaks at 2937 cm −1 and 2907 cm From Figure 3, for samples Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 3 O 4 /PVA, the presence of a peak at ~530 cm −1 can be seen, which confirms the stretching vibrations of the Fe-O bonds [17][18][19]. The peaks detected at 1388 cm −1 (Fe 3 O 4 /PVA) and 1324 cm −1 (PVA) are related to methylene stretching [16,[19][20][21][22]. The peak at 3275 cm −1 observed in PVA is ascribed to the bonded hydroxyl (O-H stretching) vibration.…”

“…The absorption peaks at 2937 cm −1 and 2907 cm −1 are assigned to C-H asymmetric stretching [19][20][21]. The peaks observed at 1417 cm −1 , 1085 cm −1 , and 840 cm −1 are assigned to CH 2 bending, C-O stretching, and C-C stretching, respectively [16,[19][20][21][22][23]. The peak at 1141 cm −1 is characteristic of C-O bond stretching of the carboxylic groups [16,[19][20][21].…”

“…The peaks observed at 1417 cm −1 , 1085 cm −1 , and 840 cm −1 are assigned to CH 2 bending, C-O stretching, and C-C stretching, respectively [16,[19][20][21][22][23]. The peak at 1141 cm −1 is characteristic of C-O bond stretching of the carboxylic groups [16,[19][20][21]. In the Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 3 O 4 /PVA spectra, the absorption peaks in the region of 3400-3000 cm −1 are assigned to the O-H stretching of hydroxyl groups [19][20][21].…”

“…The synthesis of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles containing polymers (e.g., poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)) has rarely been reported in the literature [14][15][16]. Mahmoudi et al [14] prepared magnetite nanorods using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) using the co-precipitation method.…”

“…They reported that PVP protects the Fe 3 O 4 powder from further oxidation and prevents the agglomeration of the Fe 3 O 4 . Usawattanakul et al [16] prepared the nanocomposite film of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) incorporated with bacterial cellulose nanocrystals and magnetite nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 ) by the in situ synthesis technique using chemical coprecipitation. Their study showed that the prepared film, due to its high hydrophilicity, can be applied in diverse fields for the adsorption of various pollutants.…”