Development of Multifunctional Avermectin Poly(succinimide) Nanoparticles to Improve Bioactivity and Transportation in Rice

Abstract

Avermectin (AVM) as a nonsystemic pesticide possesses a low effective utilization rate. Studies of the multifunctional pesticide delivery system for improving biological activity are developing prosperously. In this study, multifunctional avermectin/polysuccinimide with glycine methyl ester nanoparticles (AVM-PGA) were prepared by the selfassembly process. The AVM loading capacity was up to 23.7%. After 24 h of UV irradiation, there was still about 70% of AVM remaining in PGA 42 nanocarriers, as opposed to less than 5% of the free-form AVM. The rising ambient pH promoted the release of AVM using an in vitro releasing test, revealing a favorable pH-responsively controlled-release property. The mortality rate of Plutella xylostella with 2.5 μg/mL of AVM content of AVM-PGA 42 was 96.3% after 48 h, while that of free AVM was only 51.5%. In addition, the AVM could be detected in stems and all leaves treated with AVM-PGA 42 nanoparticles, whereas rare AVM was detected only in treated leaves for the free-form AVM, which achieved the transportation of nanocarriers carrying AVM in rice for the first time. Furthermore, the PGA nanoparticles performed a good growth promoting effect on rice. These results show that the AVM-PGA 42 nanopesticides have a great potential application prospect to control the pest and improve the drug utilization efficiency on agriculture.

Nanocarrier-Loaded Imidaclothiz Promotes Plant Uptake and Decreases Pesticide Residue

“…The SPc and ddH 2 O were applied as controls. The 5 μL of various samples (1 mg/mL) was dripped onto the glass slide, and the image of contact angle between the liquid and glass slide was collected when the droplet became stable for approximately 10 s. The contact angle was analyzed using the ellipse fitting algorithm [ 61 ]. The algorithm assumes that the water drop profile is part of an ellipse.…”

ROS-Responsive Polymeric Micelle for Improving Pesticides Efficiency and Intelligent Release

“…The cultivation conditions of the rice plants were 80–100% relative humidity, which lasted for 14 h with 28 °C light and 10 h with 24 °C dark. Rice cultivated for 30 days was implanted with R. solani using the “toothpick insertion” method. − A commercially available toothpick was cut into a small section of about 8 mm, and then each segment was evenly divided into 4 parts. The processed toothpicks were neatly placed on the bottom of the Petri dish.…”

Development of stimuli-responsive nano-based pesticides: emerging opportunities for agriculture

“…Systems that are pH-responsive can be developed for the control of major agricultural pests such as insects and nematodes, since their intestines present a range of acid and alkaline pH conditions that enable activation of the release mechanism after ingestion of the nanocarriers [15, 65]. For example, Patel et al [35] developed an alginate nanocarrier system for the insecticide cypermethrin.…”

“…At alkaline pH, there was 40% release after 17 days, while release of around 6% was obtained at neutral and acid pH, over the same period. Another system developed for the pH-responsive release of avermectin was proposed by Wang et al [65], where a poly(succinate) system containing nanoparticles showed release percentages of 34, 62, and 85% at pH 5.5, 7, and 8.5, respectively. In this case, the response was not due to electrostatic interaction effects, but because increase in pH led to collapse of the nanoparticles, consequently releasing the insecticide.…”